Biological Toxicity Toward Zebrafish (Danio rerio) of Na- and K-TiO2 Photocatalytic Systems During the Decomposition of Bisphenol A

Min-Kyu Jeon; Min-Kyeong Yeo; Hyung-Joo Choi; Jinsoo Kim; Suk-Jin Choung; Jin-Bae Kim; Daewon Jeong; Misook Kang

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.13, No.5, 827-834, September, 2007

Min-Kyu Jeon, Min-Kyeong Yeo, Hyung-Joo Choi, Jinsoo Kim , Suk-Jin Choung , Jin-Bae Kim¹, Daewon Jeong², and Misook Kang^{3, †}

College of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, KyungHee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 449-701, Korea
¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan, 336-795, Korea
²Department of Microbiology and Aging-associated Disease Research Center, Yeungnam University college ofMedicin, Daegu 705-717, Korea
³Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea

E-mail:

In this study we examined the alkali metal-TiO2 photocatalytic decomposition of bisphenol A (BPA) and its biological toxicity to Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Alkali metal-TiO2 particles, which were prepared using a common sol-gel method, were used in an attempt to decompose BPA at a concentration of 10.0 ppm. The alkali metal-TiO2 particles having an anatase structure were ca. 50 100 nm in ∼ size and had surface areas of ca. 14∼24 m2/g. BPA, at a concentration of 10 ppm, was completely degraded by K-TiO2 photocatalysis after 50 h. However, 3.0 and 2.5 ppm BPA remained after 50 h when using pure TiO2 and Na-TiO2, respectively. A decrease in survival rate was observed for Zebrafish that had been reared in water containing 0.1 ppm BPA. Before photocatalysis, there were no toxic effects on the hatching rates or morphogenesis of the Zebrafish observed when using any of the photocatalyst powders, except for the pure TiO2 powders. Surprisingly, the pure TiO2 powder affected the Zebrafish: the hatching rates were remarkably lower than they were when using Na-TiO2 and K-TiO2 as the photocatalyst powders. During photocatalysis of 0.1 ppm BPA, serious toxic effects on the hatching rates or morphogenesis of Zebrafish were observed for each of the photocatalyst powders used. However, no toxicity was observed after BPA had been completely decomposed by the alkali metal-TiO2 photocatalysts.

Keywords:alkali metal-TiO2 powder;bisphenol A (BPA);photodecomposition;biological toxicity;zebrafish

[References]

Staples CA, Dorn PB, Klecka GM, O’Block ST, Branson DR, Harris LR, Chemosphere, 36, 2149 (1998)
Krishnan AV, Stathis P, Permuth SF, Yokes L, Freldman D, Sonoyama N, Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993)
Sun Y, Wada M, Dirbashi OA, Kuroda N, Nakazawa H, Nakashima K, J. Chromatogr. B, 749, 49 (2000)
Biles JE, McNeal TP, Begley TH, Hollifield HC, J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3541 (1997)
Bae B, Choi H, Lim MS, Lee NY, Chang NY, J. Korean Soc. Water Wastewater, Seminar D-10 (2000)
Yamamoto T, Yasuhara A, Chemosphere, 38, 2569 (1999)
Sajiki J, Takahashi K, Yonekubo J, J. Chromatogr. B, 736, 255 (1999)
Watanabe N, Horikoshi S, Kawabe H, Sugie Y, Zhao J, Hidaka H, Chemosphere, 52, 851 (2003)
Jiang JQ, Yin Q, Zhou JL, Pearce P, Chemosphere, 61, 544 (2005)
Aguayo S, Muoz MJ, Torre A, Roset J, Pea E, Carballo M, Sci. Total Environ., 328, 69 (2004)
Kim SB, Kim GS, Hong SC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 12(5), 749 (2006)
Tanaka S, Nakata Y, Kuramitz H, Kawasaki M, Chem. Lett., 943 (1999)
Lee JH, Kang M, Choung SJ, Ogino K, Miyata S, Yoon KJ, Kim MS, Park JY, Water Res., 38, 713 (2004)
Lee MS, Lee JD, Hong SS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 11(4), 495 (2005)
Ohko Y, Ando I, Niwa C, Tatsuma T, Yamamura T, Nakashiuma T, Kubota Y, Fujishima A, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2365 (2001)
Kim B, Chemosphere, 52, 277 (2003)
Sun DD, Water Res., 37, 3452 (2003)
Yeo MK, Kang M, Water Res., 40, 1906 (2006)
Yeo MK, Korean J. Environ. Health, 29, 1 (2003)
Westerfield M, The Zebrafish Book: A Guide for the Laboratory Use of Zebrafish, University of Oregon Press, Eugene, Oregon (1995)
Kimmel W, Ballard S, Ullman BK, Schilling T, Developmental Dynamics, 203, 253 (1995)

[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Staples CA, Dorn PB, Klecka GM, O’Block ST, Branson DR, Harris LR, Chemosphere, 36, 2149 (1998)

[2] Krishnan AV, Stathis P, Permuth SF, Yokes L, Freldman D, Sonoyama N, Endocrinology, 132, 2279 (1993)

[3] Sun Y, Wada M, Dirbashi OA, Kuroda N, Nakazawa H, Nakashima K, J. Chromatogr. B, 749, 49 (2000)

[4] Biles JE, McNeal TP, Begley TH, Hollifield HC, J. Agric. Food Chem., 45, 3541 (1997)

[5] Bae B, Choi H, Lim MS, Lee NY, Chang NY, J. Korean Soc. Water Wastewater, Seminar D-10 (2000)

[6] Yamamoto T, Yasuhara A, Chemosphere, 38, 2569 (1999)

[7] Sajiki J, Takahashi K, Yonekubo J, J. Chromatogr. B, 736, 255 (1999)

[8] Watanabe N, Horikoshi S, Kawabe H, Sugie Y, Zhao J, Hidaka H, Chemosphere, 52, 851 (2003)

[9] Jiang JQ, Yin Q, Zhou JL, Pearce P, Chemosphere, 61, 544 (2005)

[10] Aguayo S, Muoz MJ, Torre A, Roset J, Pea E, Carballo M, Sci. Total Environ., 328, 69 (2004)

[11] Kim SB, Kim GS, Hong SC, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 12(5), 749 (2006)

[12] Tanaka S, Nakata Y, Kuramitz H, Kawasaki M, Chem. Lett., 943 (1999)

[13] Lee JH, Kang M, Choung SJ, Ogino K, Miyata S, Yoon KJ, Kim MS, Park JY, Water Res., 38, 713 (2004)

[14] Lee MS, Lee JD, Hong SS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 11(4), 495 (2005)

[15] Ohko Y, Ando I, Niwa C, Tatsuma T, Yamamura T, Nakashiuma T, Kubota Y, Fujishima A, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2365 (2001)

[16] Kim B, Chemosphere, 52, 277 (2003)

[17] Sun DD, Water Res., 37, 3452 (2003)

[18] Yeo MK, Kang M, Water Res., 40, 1906 (2006)

[19] Yeo MK, Korean J. Environ. Health, 29, 1 (2003)

[20] Westerfield M, The Zebrafish Book: A Guide for the Laboratory Use of Zebrafish, University of Oregon Press, Eugene, Oregon (1995)

[21] Kimmel W, Ballard S, Ullman BK, Schilling T, Developmental Dynamics, 203, 253 (1995)