When dioctadecyl dimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) is compressed on a subphase containing 3,3'-disulfopropyl-5,5'-dichlorothiacyanine (THIAMS), adsorption of the dye to the DODAB monolayer results in the formation of J-aggregates which spontaneously organize into polygonal domains of micron size. The features of the domains depend on the surface pressure. The fluorescence of the individual domains is polarized. The shapes of the domains determined by fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are identical. The domains differ however significantly from those observed after injection of a 3,3'-disulfopropyl-5,5'-dichloro-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine (THIATS) or THIAMS solution below a precompressed DODAB film, as well as from the domains observed upon compression of a DODAB monolayer on a subphase containing 10(-6) M THIATS.