고준위폐기물에서의 방사화학 분리기술 현황

이일희; 김광욱; 권선길; 김원호; 유재형; Eil Hee Lee; Kwang Wook Kim; Seon Gil Kwon; Won Ho Kim; Jae Hyung Yoo

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.13, No.2, 186-193, April, 2002

Export Citation

고준위폐기물에서의 방사화학 분리기술 현황

Overview of Partitioning Technology for Radionuclide in High-Level Radioactive Waste

이일희 ^†, 김광욱 , 권선길, 김원호, 유재형

한국 원자력 연구소

Eil Hee Lee^†, Kwang Wook Kim , Seon Gil Kwon, Won Ho Kim, and Jae Hyung Yoo

Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Korea

E-mail:

초록

본 고에서는 고준위폐기물을 대상으로 국, 내외에서 수행되고 있는 방사화학분리 기술개발 현황을 기술하였으며, 이 기술은 각국의 고준위폐기물 조성 및 보유 기술의 차이로 여러 가지 분리 공정이 제시되고 있으나 현재까지 확립된 기술은 없고 연구개발이 계속 되고 있다. 특히 Am-Cm/RE의 상호분리는 이들의 화학적 성질이 매우 유사하여 가장 어려운 분야로 남아 있다. 핵연료 주기에 대한 국가 정책이 결정되지 않은 우리 나라의 경우 미래 사용후핵연료 처리/처분 정책에 유연하게 대응할 수 있는 고준위폐기물의 처리/처분 기술 확립을 위해 장수명 핵종, 고방열성 핵종 및 유용 원소 등의 분리 기술을 확립하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 판단된다.

In this study, the current status of parititioning technologies for radionuclide in high-level radioactive waste(HLW) used in Korea and other countries is discussed. Because of the differences in HLW chemical composition and the technical-level of each country, several partitioning processes has been proposed. Up until now, however, no particular partitioning process has been found to be superior to others. Therefore, various experimental trials concerning the partitioning technology are still being carried out. Especially, the mutual separation of Am-Cm and RE remains yet to be solved. This is a difficult problem because of the similarity in their chemical properties. In case of Korea, which has no national policy on the nuclear fuel cycle, an establishment of such separation technology for long-lived, heat-generating and useful radionuclides is urgent and necessary to have flexibility in decision of the national policy on the treatment/disposal of HLW and spent fuel in the future.

Keywords:Np;Tc;Am;U;Cs;Sr;Zr;Mo;solvent extraction;precipitation;denitration;ion exchange

[References]

Takayanagi M, Fujine S, Kubota SM, Adachi T, Miyoshi Y, Banda T, Ohnuki T, Maeda A, Sato T, Safety Research and Development of Base Technology on Nuclear Fuel Cycle, JAERI-Conf 99-004 (1999)
Madic C, Huson MJ, Liljenzin JO, Glatz JP, Kolarik Z, Odoj R, New Partitioning Techniques for Minor Actinide, EUR-19149 (2000)
ICRP Report, Limitz for Intake of Radionuclides by Workers, ICRP Pub., Part III (1981)
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OECD/NEA Report, Status and Assessment on Actinde and Fission Product Partitioning and Transmutation (2000)
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Laidler J, Collins E, Henry R, Karell E, Thompson M, Toth M, Williamson M, Willit J, A Roadmap for Developing ATW Technology, Separation and Waste Forms Technology, ANL-99/15 (1999)
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The European Technical Working Group Report, A European Roadmap for Developing ADS for Nuclear Waste Incineration (2001)

[Related Articles]

[1] Takayanagi M, Fujine S, Kubota SM, Adachi T, Miyoshi Y, Banda T, Ohnuki T, Maeda A, Sato T, Safety Research and Development of Base Technology on Nuclear Fuel Cycle, JAERI-Conf 99-004 (1999)

[2] Madic C, Huson MJ, Liljenzin JO, Glatz JP, Kolarik Z, Odoj R, New Partitioning Techniques for Minor Actinide, EUR-19149 (2000)

[3] ICRP Report, Limitz for Intake of Radionuclides by Workers, ICRP Pub., Part III (1981)

[4] Morita Y, Kubota M, Recovery of Np, Literature Survey, JAERI-M-84-043 (1984)

[5] OECD/NEA Report, Status and Assessment on Actinde and Fission Product Partitioning and Transmutation (2000)

[6] Konda Y, Takitsuka T, Status of Partitioning Technology, JAERI-M-94-067 (1994)

[7] Enarsson A, Landgren A, Liljenzin JO, Spjuth L, Partitioning and Transmutation Status Report, SKB-TR-98-14 (1998)

[8] IAEA Report, Safety and Environmental Aspects of Partitioning and Transmutation of Actinides and Fission Products, IAEA-TECDOC-783 (1995)

[9] Laidler J, Collins E, Henry R, Karell E, Thompson M, Toth M, Williamson M, Willit J, A Roadmap for Developing ATW Technology, Separation and Waste Forms Technology, ANL-99/15 (1999)

[10] Kobota K, Dojiri S, Kubota M, Separation and Recovery of Platinum Group Element and Tc From Spent Fuel, Literature Survey, JAERI-M-88-188 (1988)

[11] The European Technical Working Group Report, A European Roadmap for Developing ADS for Nuclear Waste Incineration (2001)