증기상 중합을 통한 기체/물 계면에서 전도성 프리스탠딩 필름의 성장 메커니즘에 관한 연구

Kerguelen Mae Nodora; 임진형; Kerguelen Mae Nodora; Jin-Heong Yim

Polymer(Korea), Vol.45, No.2, 267-274, March, 2021

DOI10.7317/pk.2021.45.2.267 Export Citation

증기상 중합을 통한 기체/물 계면에서 전도성 프리스탠딩 필름의 성장 메커니즘에 관한 연구

Study of Growth Mechanism of Conductive Free-standing Films on a Vapor/Water Interface via Gas Phase Polymerization

Kerguelen Mae Nodora, 임진형 ^†

공주대학교 공과대학 신소재공학부

Kerguelen Mae Nodora, and Jin-Heong Yim^†

Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24 Cheoandaero, Cheonan, Chungnam 31080, Korea

E-mail:

초록

증기/수용액 계면에서 두 종류의 다른 층을 가지는 전도성 하이브리드 프리스탠딩 필름을 제조하였다. 폴리 피롤(PPy)-SiO2 및 PPy-폴리(3,4-에틸렌 디옥시 티오펜)(PEDOT) 프리스탠딩 필름은 기체/물 계면에서 가스상의 단량체와 수용액상의 산화제의 접촉으로 인한 산화-커플링 계면중합을 통한 순차적 기상 중합(consecutive-vapor phase polymerization; c-VPP) 방법으로 합성되었다. 제조된 하이브리드 프리스탠딩 필름은 유연하고 견고하며 기판이 존재하지 않더라도 그 구조를 유지할 수 있었다. 복합체의 화학조성과 형태학적 분석으로부터 단량체 기체가 초기 형성된 폴리머 층으로 확산되어 활성 산화제에 도달하여 사슬 성장을 위한 중합이 진행되는 하향식(top-down) 성장 메커니즘에 대한 증거를 제공하였다. c-VPP의 다양한 제조 조건(중합 순서, 단량체의 종류, 중합 시간)을 조절하여 제조된 하이브리드 프리스탠딩 필름의 화학적 조성과 전기적 특성을 효과적으로 조절할 수 있었다.

In this paper, two kinds of conductive hybrid free-standing films (polypyrrole (PPy)-SiO2 and PPy-poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) hybrid) were successfully prepared by employing the consecutive vapor phase polymerization (c-VPP) technique. Through the spontaneous interface polymerization of the monomer gas molecules in the vapor/aqueous interface of the oxidant in water, free-standing films were synthesized via oxidative-coupling polymerization. The as-prepared free-standing films were flexible to a certain degree, robust, and can maintain their structure even without any support of donor substrates. Importantly, chemical compositional and morphological analyses on the top-side and bottom-side surface of the films provided evidence for a top-down growth mechanism in which the arriving monomer vapors diffuse to the initially formed polymer product layer to reach active oxidant film for chain growth. Intricate film morphology and the electrical properties of the films can be effectively adjusted by controlling the order of monomer polymerization, the type of monomers to be used, and the polymerization time in each monomer chamber.

Keywords:consecutive vapor phase polymerization;free-standing hybrid;film growth mechanism;vapor/water interface polymerization

[References]

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Atesa M, Karazehira T, Saracb AS, Curr. Phys. Chem., 2, 224 (2012)
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Nguyen DN, Yoon H, Polymers, 8, 118 (2016)
Kaur G, Adhikari R, Cass P, Bown M, Evans MDM, Vashi AV, Gunatillake P, RSC Adv., 5, 98762 (2015)
Losaria PM, Yim JHA, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 71, 108 (2019)
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Janata J, Josowicz M, Nat. Mater., 2(1), 19 (2003)
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Fernandez FDM, Khadka R, Yim JH, RSC Adv., 10, 22533 (2020)
Guerchouche K, Herth E, Calvet LE, Roland N, Loyez C, Microelectron. Eng., 182, 46 (2017)
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Wang LX, Li XG, Yang YL, React. Funct. Polym., 47(2), 125 (2001)
Li Z, Ma G, Ge R, Qin F, Dong X, Meng W, Liu T, Tong J, Jiang F, Zhou Y, Li K, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 55, 979 (2016)
Greco F, Zucca Z, Taccola S, Menciassi A, Fujie T, Haniuda H, Takeoka S, Dario P, Mattoli V, Soft Matter, 7, 10642 (2011)
Ni D, Song H, Chen Y, Cai K, Energy, 170, 53 (2019)
Ni D, Chen Y, Song H, Liu C, Yang X, Cai K, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 1323 (2019)
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Ali MA, Wu KH, McEwan J, Lee J, Synth. Met., 244, 113 (2018)
Evans D, Fabretto M, Mueller M, Zuber K, Short R, Murphy P, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 14889 (2012)
Brooke R, Fabretto M, Hojati-Talemi P, Murphy P, Evans D, Polymer, 55(16), 3458 (2014)
Brooke R, Cottis P, Talemi P, Fabretto M, Murphy P, Evans D, Prog. Mater. Sci., 86, 127 (2017)
Nodora KMA, Yim JH, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2000046 2020.
Nakata M, Taga M, Kise H, Polym. J., 24, 437 (1992)
Ansari R, E-J. Chem., 3, 186 (2006)
Lei JY, Li ZC, Lu XF, Wang W, Bian XJ, Zheng T, Xue YP, Wang C, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 364(2), 555 (2011)
McFarlane SL, Deore BA, Svenda N, Freund MS, Macromolecules, 43(24), 10241 (2010)
Shanthala VS, Devi SNS, Murugendrappa MV, Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ., 6(9), 21 (2016)
Khadka R, Yim JH, Macromol. Res., 23(6), 559 (2015)
Ko YS, Yim JH, Polymer, 93, 167 (2016)
Madl CM, Kariuki PN, Gendron J, Piper LFJ, Jones WE, Synth. Met., 161, 1159 (2011)

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[1] Chiang CK, Fincher CR, Park YW, Heeger AJ, Shirakawa H, Louis EJ, Gau SC, MacDiarmid AG, Phys. Rev. Lett., 39, 1098 (1977)

[2] Atesa M, Karazehira T, Saracb AS, Curr. Phys. Chem., 2, 224 (2012)

[3] He H, Zhang L, Guan X, Cheng H, Liu X, Yu S, Wei J, Ouyang J, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, 26185 (2019)

[4] Nguyen DN, Yoon H, Polymers, 8, 118 (2016)

[5] Kaur G, Adhikari R, Cass P, Bown M, Evans MDM, Vashi AV, Gunatillake P, RSC Adv., 5, 98762 (2015)

[6] Losaria PM, Yim JHA, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 71, 108 (2019)

[7] Losaria PM, Yim JH, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 221, 200015 (2020)

[8] Janata J, Josowicz M, Nat. Mater., 2(1), 19 (2003)

[9] Waghuley SA, Yenorkar SM, Yawale SS, Yawale SP, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 128, 366 (2008)

[10] Fernandez FDM, Khadka R, Yim JH, RSC Adv., 10, 22533 (2020)

[11] Guerchouche K, Herth E, Calvet LE, Roland N, Loyez C, Microelectron. Eng., 182, 46 (2017)

[12] Zhang W, Zhao B, He Z, Zhao X, Wang H, Yang S, Wu H, Cao Y, Energy Environ. Sci., 6, 1956 (2013)

[13] Lovenich W, Polym. Sci. Ser. C, 56, 135 (2014)

[14] Wang LX, Li XG, Yang YL, React. Funct. Polym., 47(2), 125 (2001)

[15] Li Z, Ma G, Ge R, Qin F, Dong X, Meng W, Liu T, Tong J, Jiang F, Zhou Y, Li K, Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit., 55, 979 (2016)

[16] Greco F, Zucca Z, Taccola S, Menciassi A, Fujie T, Haniuda H, Takeoka S, Dario P, Mattoli V, Soft Matter, 7, 10642 (2011)

[17] Ni D, Song H, Chen Y, Cai K, Energy, 170, 53 (2019)

[18] Ni D, Chen Y, Song H, Liu C, Yang X, Cai K, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7, 1323 (2019)

[19] Nair S, Natarajan S, Kim SH, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 26(20), 1599 (2005)

[20] Nair S, Hsiao H, Kim SH, Chem. Mater., 21, 115 (2009)

[21] Ali MA, Wu KH, McEwan J, Lee J, Synth. Met., 244, 113 (2018)

[22] Evans D, Fabretto M, Mueller M, Zuber K, Short R, Murphy P, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 14889 (2012)

[23] Brooke R, Fabretto M, Hojati-Talemi P, Murphy P, Evans D, Polymer, 55(16), 3458 (2014)

[24] Brooke R, Cottis P, Talemi P, Fabretto M, Murphy P, Evans D, Prog. Mater. Sci., 86, 127 (2017)

[25] Nodora KMA, Yim JH, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2000046 2020.

[26] Nakata M, Taga M, Kise H, Polym. J., 24, 437 (1992)

[27] Ansari R, E-J. Chem., 3, 186 (2006)

[28] Lei JY, Li ZC, Lu XF, Wang W, Bian XJ, Zheng T, Xue YP, Wang C, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 364(2), 555 (2011)

[29] McFarlane SL, Deore BA, Svenda N, Freund MS, Macromolecules, 43(24), 10241 (2010)

[30] Shanthala VS, Devi SNS, Murugendrappa MV, Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ., 6(9), 21 (2016)

[31] Khadka R, Yim JH, Macromol. Res., 23(6), 559 (2015)

[32] Ko YS, Yim JH, Polymer, 93, 167 (2016)

[33] Madl CM, Kariuki PN, Gendron J, Piper LFJ, Jones WE, Synth. Met., 161, 1159 (2011)