Adsorbent minimisation in a two-stage batch adsorber for cadmium removal

Haya Alyasi; Hamish R. Mackey; Kavithaa Loganathan; Gordon McKay

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.81, 153-160, January, 2020

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2019.09.003 Export Citation

Adsorbent minimisation in a two-stage batch adsorber for cadmium removal

Haya Alyasi, Hamish R. Mackey^†, Kavithaa Loganathan¹, and Gordon McKay^†

Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
¹QEERI, Qatar Environmental and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar

E-mail:,

Cadmium is a toxic metal prevalent in a variety of industrial effluents that is toxic to both humans and animals. This study utilizes nanochitosan, a polymer derived from crustacean shells, as an adsorbent for cadmium removal. The uptake capacity has been determined at 2.01 mmol/g and modelled by Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips isotherms, with the Sips isotherm the most suitable model for the adsorbent. In order to minimise the amount of adsorbent used in a batch treatment process for the cadmium removal, a two- stage batch treatment has been proposed and optimised. A detailed evaluation is made of the consequences of utilizing a less suitable isotherm, and on the benefits of utilizing a two-stage system over a single stage. Both errors from incorrect isotherms and advantages of a two-stage system are most significant at low influent concentrations and high target removal efficiencies, relevant to environmental regulatory discharge limits.

Keywords:Adsorption;Batch adsorber;Cadmium;Heavy metals;Nanochitosan;Process optimization

[References]

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[2] Tchounwou P, Yedjou C, Patlolla AK, Sutton D, Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology, vol. 101, Springer, pp.133 2012.

[3] World Health Organization, Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, 4th ed., Gutenberg, Malta, 2011.

[4] Kazemipour M, Ansari M, Tajrobehkar S, Majdzadeh M, Kermani HR, J. Hazard. Mater., 150(2), 322 (2008)

[5] Yabanli M, Volesky B, Ekoloji, 21(83), 84 (2012)

[6] Martins R, Vilar V, Boaventura R, Braz. J. Chem. Eng., 31(1), 229 (2014)

[7] Mahmood M, Barbooti M, Balasim A, Altameemi A, Najah M, Al-Shuwaiki N, Eng. Technol. J., 29(3), 595 (2011)

[8] Madala S, Nadavala SK, Vudagandla S, Boddu VM, Abburi K, Arab. J. Chem., 10, S1883 (2017)

[9] Liang Y, Jun M, Liu W, Water Environ. Res., 79(12), 2420 (2007)

[10] Velazquez-Jimenez LH, Pavlick A, Rangel-Mendez JR, Ind. Crop. Prod., 43, 200 (2013)

[11] Anwar J, Shafique U, Waheed-uz-Zaman, Salman M, Dar A, Anwar S, Bioresour. Technol., 101(6), 1752 (2010)

[12] Guo XY, Liang S, Tian Q, Adv. Mat. Res., 236-238, 237 (2011)

[13] Hegazi HA, HBRC J., 9(3), 276 (2013)

[14] Lopez E, Soto B Arias M, Nunez A, Rubinos D, Barral MT, Water Res., 32(4), 1314 (1998)

[15] Lopez-Delgado A, Perez C, Lopez F, Water Res., 32, 989 (1998)

[16] Ahmady-Asbchin S, Andres Y, Gerente C, Le Cloirec P, Environ. Technol., 30(7), 755 (2009)

[17] Sheng PX, Ting YP, Chen JP, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46(8), 2438 (2007)

[18] Liu YH, Cao QL, Luo F, Chen J, J. Hazard. Mater., 163(2-3), 931 (2009)

[19] Sen Gupta S, Bhattacharyya KG, J. Environ. Manage., 87, 46 (2008)

[20] Echeverria JC, Churio E, Garrido JJ, Clays Clay Miner., 50(5), 614 (2002)

[21] Boamah PO, Huang Y, Hua M, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Onumah J, Wang W, Song Y, Carbohydr. Polym., 122, 255 (2015)

[22] Hasan S, Krishnaiah A, Ghosh TK, Viswanath DS, Boddu VM, Smith ED, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45(14), 5066 (2006)

[23] Erosa MSD, Medina TIS, Mendoza RN, Rodriguez MA, Guibal E, Hydrometallurgy, 61(3), 157 (2001)

[24] Kyzas GZ, Bikiaris DN, Mar. Drugs, 13(1), 312 (2015)

[25] Ngah WSW, Teong LC, Hanafiah MAKM, Carbohydr. Polym., 83(4), 1446 (2011)

[26] Cheung WH, Szeto YS, Mckay G, Bioresour. Technol., 100(3), 1143 (2009)

[27] Faria PCC, Orfao JJM, Pereira MFR, Water Res., 38(8), 2043 (2004)

[28] Anusha G, Feasibility Studies on the Removal of Iron and Fluoride from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption using Agro Based Waste Materials, PhD Dissertation, Anna University, 2013.

[29] Langmuir I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40(9), 1361 (1918)

[30] Foo KY, Hameed BH, Chem. Eng. J., 156(1), 2 (2010)

[31] Jeppu GP, Clement TP, J. Contam. Hydrol., 129-130, 46 (2012)

[32] Tosun I, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 9(3), 970 (2012)

[33] Chiban M, Carja G, Lehutu G, Sinan F, Arab. J. Chem., 9, S988 (2016)

[34] Chauhan D, Jaiswal M, Sankararamakrishnan N, Carbohydr. Polym., 88(2), 670 (2012)

[35] Rorrer GL, Hsien TY, Way JD, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 32(9), 2170 (1993)

[36] Li M, Zhang Z, Li R, Wang JJ, Ali A, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 86, 876 (2016)

[37] Aliabadi M, Irani M, Ismaeili J, Piri H, Parnian MJ, Chem. Eng. J., 220, 237 (2013)

[38] Hsien TY, Rorrer GL, Sep. Sci. Technol., 30(12), 2455 (1995)

[39] Sutirman ZA, Sanagi MM, Abd Karim KJ, Wan Ibrahim WA, Jume BH, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 116, 255 (2018)

[40] Becker T, Schlaak M, Strasdeit H, React. Funct. Polym., 44(3), 289 (2000)

[41] Sargın I, Arslan G, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 75, 230 (2015)

[42] Park S, Gomez-Flores A, Chung YS, Kim H, J. Chem., 2015, 12 (2015)

[43] Liu D, Li Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Kumar R, Carbohydr. Polym., 111, 469 (2014)

[44] He J, Lu YC, Luo GS, Chem. Eng. J., 244, 202 (2014)

[45] United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, (2009).

[46] European Union Council, EU Council Directive 98/83/EC on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption, (1998).

[47] United States Environmental Protection Agency, Recommended Aquatic Life Ambient Water Quality Criteria For Cadmium-2016, vol. 2016.07647(2016).