Microwave-assisted modification of activated carbon with cationic surfactants for enhancement of naphthalene adsorption

Zhonghai Sun; Zhansheng Wu; Dandan Liu; Xiufang He

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.35, No.2, 557-566, February, 2018

DOI10.1007/s11814-017-0290-z Export Citation

Microwave-assisted modification of activated carbon with cationic surfactants for enhancement of naphthalene adsorption

Zhonghai Sun, Zhansheng Wu^†, Dandan Liu, and Xiufang He

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/The Key Lab. for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P. R. China

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic pollutants harmful to humans. To improve the adsorption capacity of PAHs on activated carbon (AC) from the aqueous system, AC was modified with cationic surfactants through microwave heating. Naphthalene is a typical PAH used as a model pollutant to test the adsorption properties of sample; the sample with the best adsorption performance was named SAC. The SAC was characterized by SEM, FTIR and BET in detail compared with AC. The specific surface area and the average pore size of SAC increased by nearly 100m2 g-1 and 0.14 nm more than the original AC, respectively. The adsorption experiment was carried out by batch technique with variables such as contact time, adsorbent amount, pH and temperature. Results showed that naphthalene was adsorbed rapidly during the first 20min, and thereafter reached adsorption equilibrium in 40 min. The adsorption kinetics of naphthalene on SAC can be well described by the pseudo-second-order model and the Freundlich isotherm model better fitted the adsorption isotherms of naphthalene on SAC. Naphthalene adsorption process on SAC was spontaneous and temperature was found to negatively affect the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, film diffusion was confirmed the rate limiting step. The π-π stacking electron donor acceptor interaction, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding may play more key roles in naphthalene adsorption on SAC than AC. Thus, microwave- assisted surfactants modification was proven to be an effective method to enhance the adsorption of naphthalene onto SAC from aqueous solution.

Keywords:Activated Carbon;Naphthalene;Adsorption;Surfactant;Microwave

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[Referenced By]

[1] Chen BL, Yuan MX, Liu H, J. Hazard. Mater., 188(1-3), 436 (2011)

[2] Gupta H, Gupta B, Desalin. Water. Treat., 30, 1 (2015)

[3] Cabal B, Budinova T, Ania CO, Tsyntsarski B, Parra JB, Petrova B, J. Hazard. Mater., 161(2-3), 1150 (2009)

[4] Amstaetter K, Eek E, Cornelissen G, Chemosphere, 87, 573 (2012)

[5] Xiao X, Liu D, Yan Y, Wu Z, Wu Z, Cravotto G, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. E., 53, 160 (2015)

[6] Long C, Lu J, Li A, Hu D, Liu F, Zhang Q, J. Hazard. Mater., 150, 656 (2008)

[7] Li YG, Chen BL, Zhu LZ, Bioresour. Technol., 101(19), 7307 (2010)

[8] Sponza DT, Oztekin R, Bioresour. Technol., 101(22), 8639 (2010)

[9] Krupadam RJ, Environ. Chem. Lett.,, 9, 389 (2011)

[10] Chen W, Duan L, Wang L, Zhu AD, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 6862 (2008)

[11] Chen WF, Zhang ZY, Li Q, Wang HY, Chem. Eng. J., 203, 319 (2012)

[12] Ge XY, Tian F, Wu ZL, Yan YJ, Cravotto G, Wu ZS, Chem. Eng. Process., 91, 67 (2015)

[13] Zhu M, Yao J, Dong L, Sun J, Chemosphere, 144, 1639 (2016)

[14] Hesas RH, Arami-Niya A, Daud WMAW, Sahu, JN, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 104, 176 (2013)

[15] Bedin KC, Martins AC, Cazetta AL, Pezoti O, Almeida VC, Chem. Eng. J., 286, 476 (2016)

[16] Benhouria A, Islam MA, Zaghouane-Boudiaf H, Boutahala M, Hameed BH, Chem. Eng. J., 270, 621 (2015)

[17] Njoku VO, Islam MA, Asif M, Hameed BH, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 110, 172 (2014)

[18] Hesas RH, Arami-Niya A, Daud WMAW, Sahu JN, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 24, 196 (2015)

[19] Baek K, Yang JW, Chemosphere, 57, 1091 (2004)

[20] Nadeema M, Shabbir M, Abdullah MA, Shah SS, Mckay G, Chem. Eng. J., 148(2-3), 365 (2009)

[21] Choi HD, Jung WS, Cho JM, Ryu BG, Yang JS, Baek K, J. Hazard. Mater., 166(2-3), 642 (2009)

[22] Lagergren SY, Handlingar, 24, 1 (1898)

[23] Ho YS, McKay G, Process Biochem., 34(5), 451 (1999)

[24] Foo KY, Hameed BH, Chem. Eng. J., 156(1), 2 (2010)

[25] Langmuir I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40, 1361 (1918)

[26] Freundlich FH, Z. Phys. Chem., 57, 384 (1906)

[27] Krug RR, Hunter WG, Grieger RA, J. Phys. Chem., 80, 2335 (1976)

[28] Bai GY, Nichifor M, Lopes A, Bastos M, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109(1), 518 (2005)

[29] Weber W, Morris J, J. Sanit. Eng. Div., 89, 31 (1963)

[30] Ketelle BH, Boyd BE, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 69, 2836 (1947)

[31] Han S, Zhao F, Sun J, Wang B, Wei R, Yan S, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 341, 133 (2013)

[32] Hu J, Shao D, Chen C, Sheng G, Ren X, Wang X, J. Hazard. Mater., 185, 463 (2011)

[33] Fujiki J, Furuya E, Fuel, 164, 180 (2016)