In the present study BSA (bovine serum albumin)-stabilized Au nanoclusters (AuNCs@BSA) were demonstrated as a novel fluorescence probe for sensitive and selective detection of iodine/iodide. Beyond that, the proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of iodine in kelp, meanwhile, after iodide was changed to iodine with redox reactions, the detection of iodide could be successfully achieved using the AuNCs@BSA. This method could be used as a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective technique for the determination of iodine/iodide in real samples.