Surface crystallinity of meltspun isotactic polypropylene filaments

Ali Kilic; Keith Jones; Eunkyoung Shim; Behnam Pourdeyhimi

Macromolecular Research, Vol.24, No.1, 25-30, January, 2016

DOI10.1007/s13233-016-4011-y Export Citation

Surface crystallinity of meltspun isotactic polypropylene filaments

Ali Kilic^†, Keith Jones¹, Eunkyoung Shim², and Behnam Pourdeyhimi²

TEMAG Labs, Faculty of Textile Technology and Design, Istanbul Technical University, Inonu Cad, No 65, Gumussuyu, Istanbul, 34437, Turkey
¹Asylum Research, 940 Main Campus Dr., Ste., Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
²The Nonwovens Institute, North Carolina State University, 2401 Research Drive, Campus box 8301, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA

E-mail:

In this study, surface crystallinity of meltspun polypropylene (PP) filaments was reported. Results obtained from attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were confirmed with tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) analysis. ATR-FTIR tests were performed directly on longitudinal surfaces of the filaments, where IR radiation penetrates up to a specific depth. TM-AFM measurements were done on microtomed cross-sections of the filaments, which were scanned carefully to investigate stiffness. Annealing enhanced the surface crystallinity of the filaments in a significant way. Interestingly, samples annealed at 70 and 110 °C for 12 h exhibited similar crystallinity on the uppermost 500 nm surface, whereas for the bulk a continuous increase was observed after XRD studies. 12 h annealing at 70 °C modified the endothermic thermogram, while it did not causes significant effect on overall bulk crystallinity. Differences in the behavior of surface and bulk of the fibrous materials should be considered particularly for surface treatment, i.e. plasma, corona discharge, chemical vapor deposition. Results are also pertinent for water and dye absorbency in polymers.

Keywords:surface crystallinity;meltspinning;polypropylene;fiber

[References]

Blythe AR, Briggs D, Kendall CR, Rance DG, Zichy VJI, Polymer, 19, 11 (1978)
Kim KS, Ryu CM, Park CS, Sur GS, Park CE, Polymer, 44, 11 (2003)
Ogita T, Ponomarev AN, Nishimoto SI, Kagiyat T, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem., 22, 11 (1985)
Nadkarni PD, Kildsig DO, Kramer PA, Banker GS, J. Pharm. Sci., 64, 11 (1975)
Ryntz RA, Prog. Org. Coat., 27, 11 (1996)
Washburn NR, Yamada KM, Simon CG, Kennedy SB, Amis EJ, Biomaterials, 25, 11 (2004)
Arita Y, Shiratori SS, Ikezaki K, J. Electrost., 57, 11 (2003)
Lee H, Archer LA, Macromolecules, 34, 11 (2001)
Spatafore R, Pearson LT, Polym. Eng. Sci., 31, 11 (1991)
Kawamoto N, Mori H, Nitta K, Sasaki S, Yui N, Terano M, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 199, 11 (1998)
Silverstein MS, Visoly-Fisher I, Polymer, 43(1), 11 (2002)
Risnes OK, Mather RR, Neville A, Buckman J, J. Mater. Sci., 38, 11 (2003)
De Rovere A, Shambaugh RL, Edgar A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 77, 11 (2000)
Barbosa SE, Kenny JM, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40(1), 11 (2000)
Riekel C, Davies RJ, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 9, 11 (2005)
Sung CSP, Hobbs JP, Chem. Eng. Commun., 30, 11 (1984)
Yamashita T, Ikezaki K, J. Electrost., 63, 11 (2005)
Quynn RG, Riley JL, Young DA, Noether HD, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2, 11 (1959)
Bar G, Thomann Y, Brandsch R, Cantow HJ, Whangbo MH, Langmuir, 13, 11 (1997)
Duxin N, Pileni MP, Wernsdorfer W, Barbara B, Benoit A, Mailly D, Langmuir, 16(1), 11 (2000)
Jandt KD, Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep., 21, 11 (1998)
Wen G, Li X, Liao Y, An L, Polymer, 44, 11 (2003)
Kravchenko RL, Sauer BB, McLean RS, Keating MY, Cotts PM, Kim YH, Macromolecules, 33(1), 11 (2000)
Garcia R, Perez R, Surf. Sci. Rep., 47, 11 (2002)
Magonov SN, Elings V, Whangbo MH, Surf. Sci., 375, 11 (1997)
Fujiwara Y, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 4, 11 (1960)
Davies RJ, Montes-Moran MA, Riekel C, Young RJ, J. Mater. Sci., 38, 11 (2003)
Riekel C, Dieing T, Engstrom P, Vincze L, Martin C, Mahendrasingam A, Macromolecules, 32, 11 (1999)
Riekel C, Craig CL, Burghammer M, Muller M, Naturwissenschaften, 88, 11 (2001)
Stuart BH, Infrared Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 2004.
Hobbs JP, Sung CSP, Krishnan K, Hill S, Macromolecules, 16, 11 (1983)
Bonnerup C, Gatenholm P, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 31, 11 (1993)
Heinen W, J. Polym. Sci., 38, 11 (1959)
Kortum G, in Reflectance Spectroscopy: Principles, Methods, Applications, Springer, New York, 1969, p 132.
Lima MFS, Vasconcellos MAZ, Samios D, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 40, 11 (2002)
Cheng SZD, Janimak JJ, Zhang A, Hsieh ET, Polymer, 32, 11 (1991)

[1] Blythe AR, Briggs D, Kendall CR, Rance DG, Zichy VJI, Polymer, 19, 11 (1978)

[2] Kim KS, Ryu CM, Park CS, Sur GS, Park CE, Polymer, 44, 11 (2003)

[3] Ogita T, Ponomarev AN, Nishimoto SI, Kagiyat T, J. Macromol. Sci.-Pure Appl. Chem., 22, 11 (1985)

[4] Nadkarni PD, Kildsig DO, Kramer PA, Banker GS, J. Pharm. Sci., 64, 11 (1975)

[5] Ryntz RA, Prog. Org. Coat., 27, 11 (1996)

[6] Washburn NR, Yamada KM, Simon CG, Kennedy SB, Amis EJ, Biomaterials, 25, 11 (2004)

[7] Arita Y, Shiratori SS, Ikezaki K, J. Electrost., 57, 11 (2003)

[8] Lee H, Archer LA, Macromolecules, 34, 11 (2001)

[9] Spatafore R, Pearson LT, Polym. Eng. Sci., 31, 11 (1991)

[10] Kawamoto N, Mori H, Nitta K, Sasaki S, Yui N, Terano M, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 199, 11 (1998)

[11] Silverstein MS, Visoly-Fisher I, Polymer, 43(1), 11 (2002)

[12] Risnes OK, Mather RR, Neville A, Buckman J, J. Mater. Sci., 38, 11 (2003)

[13] De Rovere A, Shambaugh RL, Edgar A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 77, 11 (2000)

[14] Barbosa SE, Kenny JM, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40(1), 11 (2000)

[15] Riekel C, Davies RJ, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci., 9, 11 (2005)

[16] Sung CSP, Hobbs JP, Chem. Eng. Commun., 30, 11 (1984)

[17] Yamashita T, Ikezaki K, J. Electrost., 63, 11 (2005)

[18] Quynn RG, Riley JL, Young DA, Noether HD, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2, 11 (1959)

[19] Bar G, Thomann Y, Brandsch R, Cantow HJ, Whangbo MH, Langmuir, 13, 11 (1997)

[20] Duxin N, Pileni MP, Wernsdorfer W, Barbara B, Benoit A, Mailly D, Langmuir, 16(1), 11 (2000)

[21] Jandt KD, Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep., 21, 11 (1998)

[22] Wen G, Li X, Liao Y, An L, Polymer, 44, 11 (2003)

[23] Kravchenko RL, Sauer BB, McLean RS, Keating MY, Cotts PM, Kim YH, Macromolecules, 33(1), 11 (2000)

[24] Garcia R, Perez R, Surf. Sci. Rep., 47, 11 (2002)

[25] Magonov SN, Elings V, Whangbo MH, Surf. Sci., 375, 11 (1997)

[26] Fujiwara Y, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 4, 11 (1960)

[27] Davies RJ, Montes-Moran MA, Riekel C, Young RJ, J. Mater. Sci., 38, 11 (2003)

[28] Riekel C, Dieing T, Engstrom P, Vincze L, Martin C, Mahendrasingam A, Macromolecules, 32, 11 (1999)

[29] Riekel C, Craig CL, Burghammer M, Muller M, Naturwissenschaften, 88, 11 (2001)

[30] Stuart BH, Infrared Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Applications, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 2004.

[31] Hobbs JP, Sung CSP, Krishnan K, Hill S, Macromolecules, 16, 11 (1983)

[32] Bonnerup C, Gatenholm P, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 31, 11 (1993)

[33] Heinen W, J. Polym. Sci., 38, 11 (1959)

[34] Kortum G, in Reflectance Spectroscopy: Principles, Methods, Applications, Springer, New York, 1969, p 132.

[35] Lima MFS, Vasconcellos MAZ, Samios D, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 40, 11 (2002)

[36] Cheng SZD, Janimak JJ, Zhang A, Hsieh ET, Polymer, 32, 11 (1991)