혼합계면활성제를 이용한 Silicone 에멀젼의 제조와 그 안정성에 관한 연구

이동렬; 정창남; 서경도; 최형기; 박영훈

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.6, No.6, 1124-1133, December, 1995

Export Citation

혼합계면활성제를 이용한 Silicone 에멀젼의 제조와 그 안정성에 관한 연구

Studies on the Preparation of Silicone Emulsions Using Mixed Surfactants and Its Stability

이동렬, 정창남, 서경도, 최형기, 박영훈

초록

실리콘을 유화하기 위하여 유화제의 계면화학적 성질을 이용한 반전유화법을 사용하였으며, 유화제로서 비이온성 계면활성제, 음이은성 계면활성제와 화장품용 계면활성제를 보조유화제와 함께 사용하였다. SPAN, TWEEN계 비이온성 계면활성제를 사용하였을 경우, HLB 13, 14 영역에서 가장 안정한 실리콘에멀젼을 얻을 수 있었으며, SLS의 음이온성 계면활성제를 보조유화제로 long-chain alcohol를 함께 사용하였을 경우, SLS와 long-chain alcohol의 조성비가 1:3인 경우에 가장 안정한 실리콘에멀젼을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한, 피부에 독성과 자극이 거의 없는 화장품용 비이온성 계면활성제인 ARLACEL-60과 BRIJ-58을 사용하였을 경우, HLB 14에서 가장 안정한 에멀젼을 얻을 수 있었으며, 이 결과를 위 비이온성 계면활성제와 비교하여 보았을 때, 거의 유사한 안정성을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 각각의 가장 안정한 계면활성제의 조성에서 입자크기와 그 분포를 측정한 결과 입자크기가 작을수록 더욱 안정한 에멀젼을 형성함을 확인하였다.

Silicone was emulsified using nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactant, and cosmetic surfactants with co-surfactants( long chain alcohols ) through the phase inversion emulsification. In case of nonionic surfactants, SPAN and TWEEN series, were used as emulsifiers, silicone emulsion which has a centrifugal stability of 85.2∼91.2% could be prepared between HLB 13 and HLB 14. When anionic surfactant, SLS, and cosurfactants were used for emulsifier fo silicone, relatively stable emulsion in this research could be prepared and show the stability of 94% . In addition to these surfactants, cosmetic nonionic surfactants, ARLACEL-60 and BRIJ-58 were employed because the above-mention nonionic and anionic surfactants have known to be toxic. Silicone emulsions prepared using ARLACEL-60 and BRIJ-58 showed a stability of 90.7% which are similar to those of nonionic and anionic surfactants. It was also identified that particle size and distribution in the mosts stable emulsion composition showed that stable emulsion has the smallest particle size.

[References]

Watt JAC, Chem. Br., 6, 519 (1970)
Hurd DT, Rochow EG, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 67, 1057 (1945)
Noll W, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, 31, Academic Press, New York (1968)
Nitzche S, Wick M, Kunstoffe, 47, 431 (1957)
Nitzche S, Wick M, U.K. Patent, 751,325 (1957)
Dunham ML, Ind. Eng. Chem., 49, 1373 (1957)
Todd C, Byels T, Cosmet. Toiletries, 91, 29 (1976)
Gallagher KF, Cosmet. Toiletries, 108, 97 (1993)
Middelton J, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 25, 519 (1974)
Vick SC, Soaps Cosmet. Chem. Spec., 36 (1984)
Starch MS, Drug Cosmet. Ind., 134, 38 (1984)
Cobb RMK, "Emulsion Technology," H. Bennett Ed., 7, Chemical Pub., Co., New York (1946)
Sagitani H, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 58, 738 (1981)
Endoo N, Sagitani H, Yukaraku, 40, 133 (1991)
Sagitani H, Nabeta K, Nugai M, Yukaraku, 40, 988 (1991)
Schick MJ, "Nonionic Surfactants: Physical Chemistry," 439 Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel (1987)
Garti N, Mugdasi S, Colloids Surf., 3, 221 (1981)
Kaufman VR, Garti N, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 2, 475 (1981)
Frenkel M, Schwartz R, Garti N, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 3, 195 (1982)
Vold RD, Acevedo MC, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 54, 84 (1977)
Boyd J, Parklnson C, Sherman P, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 41, 359 (1971)
Shinoda K, Saito H, Arai H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 35, 624 (1971)
Eccleston GM, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 41, 1 (1990)
Suh KD, Kim JY, Kong HJ, Colloid Polym. Sci., to submitted
Suh KD, Kim JY, Kong JY, Polym. Bull., to submitted
Grimm WL, Min TI, El-Aasser MS, Vanderhoff JW, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 94, 531 (1983)
El-Aasser MS, Lack CD, Choi YT, Min TI, Vanderhoff JW, Fowkes FW, Colloids Surf., 12, 19 (1984)

[Referenced By]

[1] Watt JAC, Chem. Br., 6, 519 (1970)

[2] Hurd DT, Rochow EG, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 67, 1057 (1945)

[3] Noll W, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, 31, Academic Press, New York (1968)

[4] Nitzche S, Wick M, Kunstoffe, 47, 431 (1957)

[5] Nitzche S, Wick M, U.K. Patent, 751,325 (1957)

[6] Dunham ML, Ind. Eng. Chem., 49, 1373 (1957)

[7] Todd C, Byels T, Cosmet. Toiletries, 91, 29 (1976)

[8] Gallagher KF, Cosmet. Toiletries, 108, 97 (1993)

[9] Middelton J, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 25, 519 (1974)

[10] Vick SC, Soaps Cosmet. Chem. Spec., 36 (1984)

[11] Starch MS, Drug Cosmet. Ind., 134, 38 (1984)

[12] Cobb RMK, "Emulsion Technology," H. Bennett Ed., 7, Chemical Pub., Co., New York (1946)

[13] Sagitani H, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 58, 738 (1981)

[14] Endoo N, Sagitani H, Yukaraku, 40, 133 (1991)

[15] Sagitani H, Nabeta K, Nugai M, Yukaraku, 40, 988 (1991)

[16] Schick MJ, "Nonionic Surfactants: Physical Chemistry," 439 Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel (1987)

[17] Garti N, Mugdasi S, Colloids Surf., 3, 221 (1981)

[18] Kaufman VR, Garti N, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 2, 475 (1981)

[19] Frenkel M, Schwartz R, Garti N, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 3, 195 (1982)

[20] Vold RD, Acevedo MC, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 54, 84 (1977)

[21] Boyd J, Parklnson C, Sherman P, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 41, 359 (1971)

[22] Shinoda K, Saito H, Arai H, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 35, 624 (1971)

[23] Eccleston GM, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 41, 1 (1990)

[24] Suh KD, Kim JY, Kong HJ, Colloid Polym. Sci., to submitted

[25] Suh KD, Kim JY, Kong JY, Polym. Bull., to submitted

[26] Grimm WL, Min TI, El-Aasser MS, Vanderhoff JW, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 94, 531 (1983)

[27] El-Aasser MS, Lack CD, Choi YT, Min TI, Vanderhoff JW, Fowkes FW, Colloids Surf., 12, 19 (1984)