It is well known that the thermal behavior of moulds used for thermoplastics processing has an important effect on both the part quality and the process productivity. The present work reports a study on the evaluation of the relative effect of different geometric and operational parameters on the thermal behavior of injection moulds. It uses a mathematical model developed to simulate the thermal transient exchanged during the entire moulding cycle. the model is based on a 2D Fourier equation, uses an adaptive grid and describes the thermal contact resistance at mould/polymer interface. The cooling time and the interface temperature distribution are calculated from the computed temperature field in the domain under study. Experimental data, obtained with an instrumented tool during typical production conditions, is used to validate the developed model. the evaluation analysis is based on the Taguchi methodology used to rank the relative effective of the parameters on the selected variables (cooling time, temperature distribution and number of cycles to reach the thermal steady state).