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International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol.22, No.2, 207-221, 1996
Cement-Lined Pipes for Water Lubricated Transport of Heavy Oil
This paper presents different strategies for preventing oil from fouling the walls of core-annular flow pipelines and also for restart from an unexpected pipeline shut-down. The most promising of these strategies is to use cement-lined pipes. Experiments presented here show that hydrated cement-lined pipes are highly oleophobic and therefore resist fouling for long term. A pilot scale cement-lined core-annular flow pipeline using No. 6 fuel oil never fouled in over 1000 h of operation. Repeated and determined attempts to soil properly hydrated cement-lined pipes with heavy Venezuelan crudes always failed.