Inorganic Chemistry, Vol.51, No.12, 6468-6475, 2012
Ruthenium Terpyridine Complexes Containing a Pyrrole-Tagged 2,2'-Dipyridylamine Ligand-Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Electrochemistry
Ruthenium(II) terpyridine complexes containing the pyrrole-tagged 2,2'-dipyridylamine ligand PPP (where PPP stands for N-(3-bis(2-pyridyl)aminopropyl)pyrrole with the general formula [Ru(tpy)(PPP)X](n+) (1, X = Cl-; 2, X = H2O; 3, X = CH3CN; tpy = 2,2':6',2 ''-terpyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by H-1 NMR, IR, UV-vis, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. 1 and 2 have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Both 1 and 2 were successfully immobilized onto glassy carbon electrode via anodic oxidation of the pyrrole moiety on the PPP ligand to give stable and highly electroactive polymer films. Cyclic voltammetric studies of 1 in acetonitrile revealed a Ru-III/Ru-II couple at 0.4 V vs Cp2Fe+/0 initially, but another redox couple resulting from chloride substitution by acetonitrile developed at E-1/2 = 0.82 V upon repetitive potential scan. This ligand substitution was induced by the acidic local environment caused by the release of protons during pyrrole polymerization. The electropolymerization of 2 in aqueous medium allowed the observation of the formation of Ru-IV=O species in polypyrrole film. As the film grew thicker, the size of the Ru-III/Ru-/(II) couple (E-1/2 = 0.8 V vs SCE at pH 1) of poly[Ru(tpy)(PPP)(OH2)](n+) increased accordingly, whereas the growth of the Ru-IV/Ru-III couple (E-1/2 = 0.89 V vs SCE at pH 1) leveled off after the film had reached a certain thickness. The Pourbaix diagram of the E-1/2 of the Ru-III/Ru-II and Ru-IV/Ru-III couples vs pH of the electrolyte medium has been obtained. The resulting poly[Ru(tpy)(PPP)(OH2)](n+) film is electrocatalytically active toward the oxidation of benzyl alcohol.