Barium sulfate is the chief source for the manufacture of barium compounds, which have a wide range of applications in chemical industries. In the preparation of these compounds, the first step is the reaction between barium sulfate and carbon to produce barium sulfide. In the present work, the mechanism of reaction between barium sulfate and carbon is investigated experimentally, covering a wide range of temperatures, times of reaction, and stoichiometric ratios of reactants. The reaction is conducted in air, nitrogen, and vacuum. It is also studied using the reactants in pellet form to determine the effect of compaction pressure on rate of reaction. A model is developed to estimate the kinetic parameters and mechanism of the reaction. An attempt is also made to study the feasibility of conducting the reaction for continuous production of barium sulfide in a moving bed rector using the reactants in pellet form.