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International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.38, No.2, 189-205, 1995
Modeling the Temperature Profiles Within Boards During the High-Temperature Drying of Pinus-Radiata Timber - The Influence of Air-Flow Reversals
Profiles of the surface and centre temperatures in the high-temperature drying of Pinus radiata have been predicted as a function of time for heartwood and sapwood boards, using a receding evaporative plane model, which incorporates equations for local heat and mass balances, internal and external heat transfer, and internal moisture fluxes due to bound-water diffusion and flow of water vapour and liquid water. The model predictions have been compared with independent measurements of the temperatures at the surface and centre of sapwood, heartwood and mixed-wood boards. The simulated and measured temperature profiles are in good agreement except that the outer temperatures are predicted to rise more swiftly when the evaporative plane starts to recede in the wood, while the inner temperatures are estimated to rise more sluggishly once the first period is over. However, the maximum discrepancies in these three cases are less than 6 degrees C, and may be due to difficulties in getting accurate measurements of local temperatures when these are changing. This model is used to predict local temperature and moisture-content profiles in high-temperature kiln drying of this timber for conditions with airflow reversals. Variations have been reported in the external mass-transfer coefficients in the streamwise direction which lead to differential drying of the boards. The differences in the extent of drying across each board can be reduced by reversing the airflow periodically. Airflow reversals every 4 h are adequate to give a high degree of uniformity in the final temperature and moisture-content profiles for heartwood after 24 h of drying, and may be sufficient for sapwood if a small degree of variation is acceptable. Flow reversals every 8 h yield essentially the same result.