Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol.133, No.36, 14443-14451, 2011
Stereoselectivities and Regioselectivities of (4+3) Cycloadditions Between Allenamide-Derived Chiral Oxazolidinone-Stabilized Oxyallyls and Furans: Experiment and Theory
A systematic investigation of the regioselectivities and stereoselectivities of (4 + 3) cycloadditions between unsymmetrical furans and a chiral oxazolidinone-substituted oxyallyl is presented. Cycloadditions were performed using an oxyallyl containing a (R)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone auxiliary (2(Ph)), under either thermal or ZnCl2-catalyzed conditions. Reactions of 2(Ph) with 2-substituted furans gave syn cycloadducts selectively, while cycloadditions with 3-substituted furans gave selectively anti cycloadducts. The stereoselectivities were in favor of a single diastereoisomer (I) in all but one case (2-CO2R). Density functional theory calculations were performed to explain the selectivities. The results support a mechanism in which all cycloadducts are formed from the E isomer of the oxyallyl (in which the oxazolidinone C=O and oxyallyl oxygen are anti to each other) or the corresponding (E)-ZnCl2 complex. The major diastereomer is derived from addition of the furan to the more crowded face of the oxyallyl. Crowded transition states are favored because they possess a stabilizing CH-pi interaction between the furan and the Ph group.