In this article, we present a study on the microwave frequency properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/Fe composite nanofibers, with different concentrations of iron particles incorporated in poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. Using electrospinning, composite nanofibers were obtained with size ranging between 100 and 500 nm. The absorption properties of synthesized nanofibers were measured between two open-end rectangular waveguides in the 8-12 GHz frequency domain. The transmission loss measurements for poly(vinyl chloride)/Fe composite nanofibers demonstrated that this material can be used as protection material in X-band frequency domain. The applied magnetic field significantly modifies the measured scattering parameters in our samples case in a rather large domain of values for the field.