In terms of the known concepts about noncovalent bonds in polycomplexes, the unusual case of interaction between positively charged aluminoxane particles (AP) similar to 4.6 nm in size, which comprise the main portion of the dispersed phase in the sols of poly(aluminum hydroxychloride) (PAHC), and weakly charged cationic polyelectrolytes from the Praestol, Organopol, and Zetag series (WCPE) has been examined. Using viscometry, turbidimetry, and elemental analysis, it has been found that interaction between these compounds proceeds if the content of cationic groups in the polyelectrolyte is small and ions of a low-molecular-weight electrolyte occur in solution. Under the given conditions, the electrostatic repulsion of likely charged reagents does not manifest itself but other kinds of noncovalent interactions are realized that lead to formation of water-soluble polymer-colloid complexes (PCCs). Fully charged polyelectrolytes are incapable of such interactions because of a strong electrostatic repulsion of reagents. The scheme illustrating formation of PCC has advanced. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 475-482, 2011