This study investigated the possibility to adsorb and recycle Cr(VI) from the wastewater of a Cr-electroplating process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a flow-through system at a pilot scale. In a first set of experiments, it was demonstrated that an HCl pretreatment of the biomass induced a 2-fold increase in the amount of Cr(VI) removed. In the following experiments, 30 L of wastewater was treated with HCl-pretreated yeast biomass confined in a filter press, obtaining an average specific metal removal of 13 mg per g of dry biomass. At the end of the bioremoval process, the biomass was incinerated and the ashes thus obtained were composed of >90% (w/w) chromium. The results obtained at pilot scale with chromium-containing wastewaters demonstrated the good metal sorption capability of the acid-pretreated S. cerevisiae biomass and the possibility to recover, at a high purity, the metal from the biomass at the end of the treatment process.