Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.51, No.8, 3224-3228, 2012
Determination of Optimum Conditions for Nano-Silver Preparation from AgCl Based on the Taguchi Design by the Use of Optical Properties of Silver
The Taguchi method, with L-25 (5(5)) orthogonal array, was used as the experimental design to determine the optimum conditions for the nano-silver preparation from AgCl via wet chemical reduction method. Ammonia solution, D-fructose, and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) were used as solvent of AgCl, reducing agent, and stabilizing agent, respectively. The UV-visible absorption spectra (abs) of silver nanoparticles were analyzed to optimize their optical properties including the wavelength of maximum absorption (lambda(max)), absorption efficiency (abs), and full width at half-maximum (fwhm), as well as the time of precipitation (t(p)). The experimental conditions were studied in the range of 2-10 M for NH3 concentration (N), 250-450 for [D-fructose]/[AgCl] (F), 6-54 for W-PVP/W-AgCl (P), 0-24 degrees C for reaction temperature (T), and 4-8 h for reaction time (t). The optimum conditions to obtain the minimum particle size or lambda(max) from this study were N = 2 M, F = 300, P = 54, T = 0 degrees C, and t = 4 h. Under these conditions, the optimum amount of lambda(max) was 365 nm. To maximize the abs, t(p), and minimize the fwhm while keeping the lambda(max), three series of experiments, in alternative conditions, were performed. The total optimum conditions were N = 2 M, F = 450, P = 54, T = 6 degrees C, and t = 4 h, within the scope of the studied experiment.