Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide in molten lithium chloride

Ho-Sup Shin; Jin-Mok Hur; Sang Mun Jeong; Kyeong Youl Jung

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.18, No.1, 438-442, January, 2012

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.111 Export Citation

Direct electrochemical reduction of titanium dioxide in molten lithium chloride

Ho-Sup Shin, Jin-Mok Hur, Sang Mun Jeong^{1, †}, and Kyeong Youl Jung²

Nuclear Fuel Cycle Development Group, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, P. O. Box 105, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-353, Republic of Korea
¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea
²Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-717, Republic of Korea

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The electrochemical reduction of TiO2 has been carried out in a molten LiCl salt at 650℃ . The direct reduction mechanism of TiO2 in the molten LiCl was suggested by the CV experiment and the constant voltage electrolysis. TiO2 was electrochemically converted to the metallic titanium via various reaction intermediates such as LiTiO2, TiO, and Ti2O. The interrupted voltage electrolysis was demonstrated to be effective for the direct electrochemical reduction of TiO2 to achieve a high current efficiency. The surface morphology of the produced metal was investigated by SEM and TEM.

Keywords:TiO2;Direct electrochemical reduction;Molten LiCl salt;Reaction intermediates;Metallic titanium

[References]

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Fray DJ, Chen GZ, Mater. Sci. Technol., 20, 295 (2004)
Suzuki RO, J. Phys. Chem. Solid., 66, 461 (2005)
Xu Q, Deng LQ, Wu Y, Ma T, J. Alloys Compd., 396, 288 (2005)
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Jeong SM, Jung JJ, Seo CS, Park SW, J. Alloys Compd., 440, 210 (2007)
Katayama Y, Friedrich B, Electrochem. Soc. Proc., 2004-2024, 1046 (2006)
Jeong SM, Shin HS, Cho SH, Hur JM, Lee HS, Electrochim. Acta, 54(26), 6335 (2009)
Jeong SM, Yoo HY, Hur JM, Seo CS, J. Alloys Compd., 452, 27 (2008)
Hur JM, Jeong SM, Lee HS, Electrochem. Comm., 12, 706 (2010)
Lee SC, Hur JM, Seo CS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 14(5), 651 (2008)
Sakamura Y, Kurata M, Inoue T, J. Electrochem. Soc., 153(3), D31 (2006)
Jeong SM, Shin HS, Hong SS, Hur JM, Do JB, Lee HS, Electrochim. Acta, 55(5), 1749 (2010)
Jiang K, Hu X, Sun H, Wang D, Jin X, Ren Y, Chen GZ, Chem. Mater., 16, 4321 (2004)
Inaba M, Oba Y, Niina F, Murota Y, Ogino Y, Tasaka A, Hirota K, J. Power Sources, 189(1), 580 (2009)
Dring K, Dashwodd R, Inman D, J. Electrochem. Soc., 152(3), E104 (2005)
Jinan K, Hu X, Ma M, Wang D, Qiu G, Jin X, Chen GZ, Angew. Chem., 118, 442 (2006)
Schwandt C, Alexander DTL, Fray DJ, Electrochim. Acta, 54(14), 3819 (2009)
Dreizin EL, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 35, 141 (2009)

[Related Articles]

[1] Chen GZ, Fray DJ, Farthing TW, Nature., 407, 361 (2000)

[2] Fray DJ, Chen GZ, Mater. Sci. Technol., 20, 295 (2004)

[3] Suzuki RO, J. Phys. Chem. Solid., 66, 461 (2005)

[4] Xu Q, Deng LQ, Wu Y, Ma T, J. Alloys Compd., 396, 288 (2005)

[5] Yan XY, Fray DJ, Metall. Mater. Trans. B., 33B, 685 (2002)

[6] Jeong SM, Jung JJ, Seo CS, Park SW, J. Alloys Compd., 440, 210 (2007)

[7] Katayama Y, Friedrich B, Electrochem. Soc. Proc., 2004-2024, 1046 (2006)

[8] Jeong SM, Shin HS, Cho SH, Hur JM, Lee HS, Electrochim. Acta, 54(26), 6335 (2009)

[9] Jeong SM, Yoo HY, Hur JM, Seo CS, J. Alloys Compd., 452, 27 (2008)

[10] Hur JM, Jeong SM, Lee HS, Electrochem. Comm., 12, 706 (2010)

[11] Lee SC, Hur JM, Seo CS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 14(5), 651 (2008)

[12] Sakamura Y, Kurata M, Inoue T, J. Electrochem. Soc., 153(3), D31 (2006)

[13] Jeong SM, Shin HS, Hong SS, Hur JM, Do JB, Lee HS, Electrochim. Acta, 55(5), 1749 (2010)

[14] Jiang K, Hu X, Sun H, Wang D, Jin X, Ren Y, Chen GZ, Chem. Mater., 16, 4321 (2004)

[15] Inaba M, Oba Y, Niina F, Murota Y, Ogino Y, Tasaka A, Hirota K, J. Power Sources, 189(1), 580 (2009)

[16] Dring K, Dashwodd R, Inman D, J. Electrochem. Soc., 152(3), E104 (2005)

[17] Jinan K, Hu X, Ma M, Wang D, Qiu G, Jin X, Chen GZ, Angew. Chem., 118, 442 (2006)

[18] Schwandt C, Alexander DTL, Fray DJ, Electrochim. Acta, 54(14), 3819 (2009)

[19] Dreizin EL, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 35, 141 (2009)