초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 추출된 멸치 오일의 지방산 조성 및 산화 특성

이승미; 윤준호; 전병수; Seung-Mi Lee; Jun-Ho Yun; Byung-Soo Chun

Clean Technology, Vol.17, No.3, 266-272, September, 2011

Export Citation

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 추출된 멸치 오일의 지방산 조성 및 산화 특성

Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Properties of Anchovy Oil Extracted by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

이승미, 윤준호, 전병수^†

부경대학교 식품공학과, 608-737 부산시 남구 대연 3동 595-1

Seung-Mi Lee, Jun-Ho Yun, and Byung-Soo Chun^†

Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, 595-1 Deayeon-3 dong, Nam-gu, Busan 608-737, Korea

E-mail:

초록

초임계 이산화탄소 및 유기용매를 이용하여 동결 건조된 멸치 시료로부터 오일을 추출하였으며, 시료는 700 μm로 균질화시켜 사용하였다. 다양한 압력 (15~25 MPa) 및 온도 (40~60 ℃) 조건에서 실험을 수행하였으며, 22 g/min의 일정한 유량을 추출기로 유입시켰다. 추출된 오일의 지방산 조성을 확인하기 위하여 가스 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 분석한 결과 추출된 멸치 오일에는 myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 그리고 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)가 주요 지방산으로 확인되었다. 추출된 오일 내 EPA 및 DHA와 같은 고도불포화지방산 (PUFAs)함량을 비교하였을 때, 유기용매 추출 오일보다 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 추출한 오일의 고도 불포화 지방산 함량이 더 높았다. 산화도 비교 실험인 산가 및 과산화물가 값을 측정한 결과, 유기용매 추출 오일보다 초임계 이산화탄소를 이용한 추출 오일의 산화도가 유의적으로 낮았으며, 산화되는 속도 또한 느리게 진행되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Anchovy oil was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) and organic solvents. Extraction was carried out at temperature range from 40 to 60 ℃, and pressure range from 15 to 25 MPa. The flow rate of CO2 (22 gmin.1) was constant entire the extraction period of 1.5 h. The fatty acid composition of anchovy oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The main fatty acids of anchovy oil were myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). In addition, the oil obtained by SCO2 extraction contained a higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids especially EPA and DHA comparing to the organic solvent extracted oil. The oxidative stability of oils extracted from Anchovy by SCO2 extraction was compared to those extracted by organic solvents. Results showed that the storage periods of oils obtained by SCO2 extraction were longer than those of organic solvents extraction.

Keywords:Anchovy;Supercritical carbon dioxide;Polyunsaturated fatty acids;Oxidative stability

[References]

Heu MS, Kim HR, Pyeun JH, Biochem. Physiol. B., 112(3), 557 (1995)
Lee EH, Kim SK, Cho GD, “Nutritional Component and Health in the Fishery Resources of the Coastal and Offshore Waters in Korea,” Youil publishing Co., Busan, Korea 43-46 (1977)
Chan DC, Watts GF, Mori TA, Barrett PH, Redgrave TG, Beilin LJ, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 77(2), 300 (2003)
Dallongeville J, Yarnell J, Circulation., 108(7), 820 (2003)
James MJ, Cleland LG, Proc. Nutr. Soc. Aust., 20, 71 (1996)
James MJ, Gibson RA, Cleland LG, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 71(1), 343 (2000)
Pischon T, Hankinsonm SE, Hostamisligil GS, Rifai N, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Circulation., 108(2), 155 (2003)
Nichols PD, Mooney BD, Elliott NG, “Nutritional Value of Australian Seafood II. Factors Affecting Oil Composition of Edible Species: Report Prepared for the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation,” CSIRO Marine Research, Hobart, Australia, 199 (2002)
Erkkila AT, Lehto S, Pyorala K, Uusitupa MI, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 78(1), 65 (2003)
Lemaitre RN, King IB, Mozaffarian D, Kuller LH, Tracy RP, Siscovick DS, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 77(2), 319 (2003)
Yoo BS, Lee HT, Ko SR, Yang DC, Byun SY, Korea T. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 15(1), 80 (2000)
Joung SN, Kim SY, Yoo KP, Clean Technol., 7(1), 13 (2001)
Meyer A, Kleibohmer W, Camman K, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr., 16(8), 491 (1993)
Berset JD, Ejem M, Holzer R, Lischer P, Anal. Chim. Acta., 383(3), 263 (1999)
Heemken OP, Theobald N, Wenclawiak BW, Anal. Chem., 69(11), 2171 (1997)
Hawthorne SB, Grabanski CB, Martin E, Miller DJ, J. Chromatogr. A., 892(1), 421 (2000)
Hartonen K, Meissner G, Kesala T, Riekkola ML, J. Microcol. Sep., 12(7), 412 (2000)
Assis LM, Pinto JSS, Lancas FM, J. Microcol. Sep., 12(5), 292 (2000)
Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Anal. Chem., 66(22), 4005 (1994)
Schantz MM, Bøwadt S, Benner BA, Wise SA, Hawthorne SB, J. Chromatogr. A., 816, 213 (1998)
Bjorklund S, Bøwadt S, Nielsson T, Mathiasson L, J. Chromatogr. A., 836(2), 285 (1999)
Lee YY, New & Information for Chemical Engineers., 23(3), 298 (2001)
Turner C, King JW, Mathiasson L, J. Chromatogr. A., 936, 215 (2001)
Chun BS, Kim YW, Song SK, Kim SK, Wilkinson GT, “Extraction and Fractionation of Lipids from Squid Internal Organs using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide with Entrainer,” Proceedings of 5th ISASF Meeting. March 23-25. Nice, France (1998)
Kang KY, Ahn DH, Wilkinson GT, Chun BS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 22(3), 399 (2005)
Timon ML, Ventanas J, Martin L, Tejeda JF, Garcia C, J. Agric. Food Chem., 46(12), 5143 (1998)
Taylor DL, Larick DK, J. Agric. Food Chem., 43(9), 2369 (1995)
Kim HS, Lee SY, Kim BY, Lee EK, Ryu JH, Lim GB, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 9(6), 447 (2004)
Bligh EG, Dyer WJ, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol., 37, 911 (1959)
AOAC “Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL: AOAC Official Method,” 996.06. 17th ed., AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA (2000)
US EPA Method To-17A “Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air, Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Using Active Sampling Onto Sorbent Tube,” 2nd ed., 9-22. Center for Environmental Research Information, Ohio, USA (1999)
Reutergardh LB, Parkpian P, Chaiyaraksa C, Chemosphere., 36(7), 1565 (1998)
Bae W, Shin B, Kang H, Kim H, Clean Technol., 9(4), 197 (2003)
Zlatanos S, Laskaridis K, Food Chemistry., 103(3), 725 (2007)
Kim JS, Yang SK, Heu MS, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 29(1), 20 (2000)
Budowski P, Irish J. Med. Sci., 17, 223 (1981)
Roh HS, Park JY, Park SY, Chun BS, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 11(6), 496 (2006)
Kang KY, Ahn DH, Jung SM, Kim DH, Chun BS, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 10(4), 315 (2005)

[Referenced By]

[1] Heu MS, Kim HR, Pyeun JH, Biochem. Physiol. B., 112(3), 557 (1995)

[2] Lee EH, Kim SK, Cho GD, “Nutritional Component and Health in the Fishery Resources of the Coastal and Offshore Waters in Korea,” Youil publishing Co., Busan, Korea 43-46 (1977)

[3] Chan DC, Watts GF, Mori TA, Barrett PH, Redgrave TG, Beilin LJ, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 77(2), 300 (2003)

[4] Dallongeville J, Yarnell J, Circulation., 108(7), 820 (2003)

[5] James MJ, Cleland LG, Proc. Nutr. Soc. Aust., 20, 71 (1996)

[6] James MJ, Gibson RA, Cleland LG, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 71(1), 343 (2000)

[7] Pischon T, Hankinsonm SE, Hostamisligil GS, Rifai N, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Circulation., 108(2), 155 (2003)

[8] Nichols PD, Mooney BD, Elliott NG, “Nutritional Value of Australian Seafood II. Factors Affecting Oil Composition of Edible Species: Report Prepared for the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation,” CSIRO Marine Research, Hobart, Australia, 199 (2002)

[9] Erkkila AT, Lehto S, Pyorala K, Uusitupa MI, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 78(1), 65 (2003)

[10] Lemaitre RN, King IB, Mozaffarian D, Kuller LH, Tracy RP, Siscovick DS, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 77(2), 319 (2003)

[11] Yoo BS, Lee HT, Ko SR, Yang DC, Byun SY, Korea T. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 15(1), 80 (2000)

[12] Joung SN, Kim SY, Yoo KP, Clean Technol., 7(1), 13 (2001)

[13] Meyer A, Kleibohmer W, Camman K, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr., 16(8), 491 (1993)

[14] Berset JD, Ejem M, Holzer R, Lischer P, Anal. Chim. Acta., 383(3), 263 (1999)

[15] Heemken OP, Theobald N, Wenclawiak BW, Anal. Chem., 69(11), 2171 (1997)

[16] Hawthorne SB, Grabanski CB, Martin E, Miller DJ, J. Chromatogr. A., 892(1), 421 (2000)

[17] Hartonen K, Meissner G, Kesala T, Riekkola ML, J. Microcol. Sep., 12(7), 412 (2000)

[18] Assis LM, Pinto JSS, Lancas FM, J. Microcol. Sep., 12(5), 292 (2000)

[19] Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Anal. Chem., 66(22), 4005 (1994)

[20] Schantz MM, Bøwadt S, Benner BA, Wise SA, Hawthorne SB, J. Chromatogr. A., 816, 213 (1998)

[21] Bjorklund S, Bøwadt S, Nielsson T, Mathiasson L, J. Chromatogr. A., 836(2), 285 (1999)

[22] Lee YY, New & Information for Chemical Engineers., 23(3), 298 (2001)

[23] Turner C, King JW, Mathiasson L, J. Chromatogr. A., 936, 215 (2001)

[24] Chun BS, Kim YW, Song SK, Kim SK, Wilkinson GT, “Extraction and Fractionation of Lipids from Squid Internal Organs using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide with Entrainer,” Proceedings of 5th ISASF Meeting. March 23-25. Nice, France (1998)

[25] Kang KY, Ahn DH, Wilkinson GT, Chun BS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 22(3), 399 (2005)

[26] Timon ML, Ventanas J, Martin L, Tejeda JF, Garcia C, J. Agric. Food Chem., 46(12), 5143 (1998)

[27] Taylor DL, Larick DK, J. Agric. Food Chem., 43(9), 2369 (1995)

[28] Kim HS, Lee SY, Kim BY, Lee EK, Ryu JH, Lim GB, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 9(6), 447 (2004)

[29] Bligh EG, Dyer WJ, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol., 37, 911 (1959)

[30] AOAC “Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL: AOAC Official Method,” 996.06. 17th ed., AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA (2000)

[31] US EPA Method To-17A “Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air, Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Ambient Air Using Active Sampling Onto Sorbent Tube,” 2nd ed., 9-22. Center for Environmental Research Information, Ohio, USA (1999)

[32] Reutergardh LB, Parkpian P, Chaiyaraksa C, Chemosphere., 36(7), 1565 (1998)

[33] Bae W, Shin B, Kang H, Kim H, Clean Technol., 9(4), 197 (2003)

[34] Zlatanos S, Laskaridis K, Food Chemistry., 103(3), 725 (2007)

[35] Kim JS, Yang SK, Heu MS, J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr., 29(1), 20 (2000)

[36] Budowski P, Irish J. Med. Sci., 17, 223 (1981)

[37] Roh HS, Park JY, Park SY, Chun BS, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 11(6), 496 (2006)

[38] Kang KY, Ahn DH, Jung SM, Kim DH, Chun BS, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 10(4), 315 (2005)