Changes in surface properties with grinding and regrinding play a key role in mineral flotation performance. Different particle breakage mechanisms in grinding mills may change the mineral surface properties in different ways, possibly leading to different mineral floatabilities depending upon the predominant breakage mechanism. The Magotteaux Mill (R) and IsaMill were selected as representations of a tumbling and a stirred mill, respectively. The latter has a greater contribution to particle size reduction from the abrasion mechanism than the former which also has contributions from impact breakage. Mineral recovery decreased with size reduction through stirred mill regrinding (i.e., the IsaMill) employing ceramic media from 90%, achieved before regrinding (d(80) 80 mu m regrind feed), to 71, 58, 20 and 5% achieved after regrinding to d(80) values of 60, 40, 20 and 10 pm, respectively. A similar trend of decreasing recovery was also observed with regrinding in the tumbling mill (i.e., Magotteaux Mill (R)). Changes in mineral flotation behaviour were investigated with respect to (i) particle size, (ii) increase in surface area, and (iii) surface contamination with size reduction in the two different mills. The flotation of pyrrhotite with additional reagents illustrated that the total change in recovery through regrinding results mainly from the increase in surface area of the pyrrhotite afforded by size reduction. The effects of the predominating particle breakage mechanism on the change of mineral surface properties were studied through regrinding in the two different mills. In particular it was observed that the hydrophobicity/floatability of the coarse particles decreased to a greater extent with stirred mill regrinding than with tumbling mill regrinding at coarser regrind product sizes (d(80) 70 and 60 mu m) presumably due to the greater contribution of the abrasion mechanism to size reduction afforded by the stirred mill. It was also observed that the difference in recovery for the same regrind product size from the two different mills decreased when approaching finer regrind sizes, which indicated that the particle breakage mechanisms of the different mills for fine regrind product size were not as influential as for coarse regrind product sizes. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.