The geometry and piezoelectric properties of chain in PVDF under different electric fields are studied by density functional theory (DFT). The simulation gives optimized geometry of PVDF of alpha chain and beta chain, with rotation angle around +/- 50 degrees and arbitrary angle between 175 degrees and 185 degrees respectively. The energy barrier is about 16.16 kJ/mol in the chain transition from alpha chain to beta chain, and the one of reverse transition is about 6.24 kJ/mol. The positive electric decreases the energies of alpha chain and beta chain. There would be a critical positive electric field inducing the transition from alpha chain to beta chain. Positive electric field increases dipole moment of the beta chain and has few effects on mean molecular polarizibility. It is found that the change of geometry increases dipole moment and the change of electronic properties decrease dipole moment under positive electric field and the geometry plays an important role. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.