Nanoscale friction and adhesion on Pt colloid nanoparticles coated with different organic capping layers were probed with atomic/friction force microscopy. Platinum colloid nanoparticles with four types of capping layers have been synthesized and used as model lubricant systems: TTAB (tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide), HDA (hexadecylamine), HDT (hexadecylthiol), and PVP (poly(vinylpyrrolidone)). Two-dimensional arrays of colloid nanoparticles were prepared using the Langmuir-Blodgett method. We found that the friction and adhesion properties on colloid nanoparticles are lower than those on a silicon surface. The variation of friction when changing the capping layers is similar to 30%, and it appears that the friction depends on the packing and ordering of the capping layers. Partial removal of the capping layers using ultraviolet light (UV)-ozone surface treatment resulted in increased friction. These results suggest a new method of tuning nanometer scale friction and adhesion by engineering organic capping layers on nanoparticles.