Hydroxyapatite (HA) being the main mineral constituent of human hard tissues is highly bioactive. Good chemical bonds can be generated between HA and natural bone. However, the low strength and inherent brittleness of HA restrict its application usually to non-load-bearing conditions. In this work, production of a new kind of HA-ZrO2 composite by hot-press sintering method is described. Bioglass which has been widely used in reconstruction of damaged or diseased tissues was added into HA-ZrO2 composites. Comparing with pure HA ceramic, this type of composite possesses better mechanical strength and retains the bioactivity of HA as well. The liquid phase generated by bioglass has been effective in improving the sintering process of HA-ZrO2 composites. The phase composition of HA composite was characterized by XRD and their fracture surfaces were observed by SEM. The XRD results show that introducing a small amount of bioglass into HA-ZrO2 composite cannot enhance decomposition of HA. The SEM images show that there were fewer pores on the fracture surfaces of HA-ZrO2-bioglass composite than in the HA-ZrO2 composite. The flexural strength and toughness of HA-ZrO2 composite containing 2 wt% bioglass were 157 MPa and 1.63 MPa.m(1/2), respectively. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010