The prospects for using wastes from cellulose-containing feedstock for manufacturing a broad spectrum of motor fuel components (biodiesel, bioethanol, biogasoline) are examined. The possibility of biosynthesis of lipids similar in composition and properties to soy oil was demonstrated on the example of fungal strains Agrocybe aegerita and Lentinus edodes. These lipids can serve as an intermediate product for synthesis of biodiesel fuel due to the high content of higher fatty acid triglycerides. The results of catalytic processing of bioethanol from a wood substrate obtained after solid-phase cultivation of fungi in a mixture of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons are reported.