The aim of this work was to study the production of cellulosic dissolving-grade pulp, alpha-cellulose, using corn stalk residue as non-wood material and industrial waste water as pulping liquid. Industrial waste water obtained from a Merox unit operating at the Kermanshah Oil Refinery in Iran and corn stalk residue obtained from local agricultural farms were used as raw materials for the experiment. The pre-hydrolysis process was performed on the corn stalk for 30 min at 160 degrees C in a mini-digester. Subsequently, the corn stalk was subjected to Kraft pulping and to pulping with industrial waste water at 170 degrees C over a period of 90 min. Upon completion of the bleaching process of each mixture, the quality of the resulting cellulosic dissolving-grade pulps was studied. The laboratory investigation compared the following parameters of importance: influence of active alkali. sulfidity. and dilution ratio of the industrial waste water on pulp properties such as yield, kappa number and degree of polymerization. Under optimum conditions, the pre-hydrolysis/Kraft pulping with 20% active alkali, 25% sulfidity, and HEHP bleaching resulted in acceptable levels of alpha-cellulose content (94.8%), degree of polymerization (279), and ash content (0.75%) for the produced dissolving pulp. The Kraft pulping was compared with the pulping of corn stalk with industrial waste water, which increased the alpha-cellulose content to 97.4%, with a degree of polymerization of 241 and an ash content of 0.96%. Comparison of both experiments indicates that using industrial waste water in the pulping process gives satisfactory results for industrial applications using a non-wood material, yields a quality product with reduced capital investment and operation costs, and considerably helps the, environmental preservation of wood-based raw materials. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.