Ethanol is considered to be an attractive green fuel for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to several advantages. In this paper, we presented recent progress of our group in Cu-CeO2 anodes for SOFCs with ethanol steam as a fuel. Cu-CeO2-ScSZ (scandia stabilized zirconia)anodes with different ratios of copper versus ceria were fabricated and the impedance spectra of symmetric cells were measured to optimize the anode composition. Area specific resistance (ASR) of these anodes was examined to prove the thermal stability of them, and possible reasons for degradation were analyzed. Furthermore, a Ni-ScSZ interlayer was added between Cu-CeO2-YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) anode and ScSZ electrolyte to improve the anode performance, and the three-layer structure was fabricated by acid leaching of nickel and wet impregnation method. The maximum power density of the single cell reached 604 mW cm(-2) and 408 mW cm(-2) at 800 degrees C in hydrogen and ethanol steam respectively, and the cell obtained stable output in ethanol steam over an operation period of 50 h. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.