Rheologica Acta, Vol.49, No.7, 719-732, 2010
The rheological characterisation of bread dough using capillary rheometry
An Australian hard wheat flour-water dough has been characterised using parallel plate and capillary rheometers over an extensive range of apparent shear rates (10 (-aEuro parts per thousand 3)-10(3) s (-aEuro parts per thousand 1)) relevant to process conditions. Torsional measurements showed that the shear viscosity of the dough increased with strain to a maximum value and then decreased, suggesting a breakdown of the dough structure. Both torsional and capillary experiments revealed the shear-thinning behaviour of the dough. The wall slip phenomenon in capillary rheometry was investigated and found to be diameter dependent and occurred at a critical shear stress of approximately 5-10 kPa. A two-regime power law behaviour was observed, with the power law index approximately 0.3 in the low shear rate range increasing to 0.67 in the high shear rate range. Pressure fluctuation was observed in the capillary data and increased with shear rate, in particular, at shear rates approaching 10(4) s (-aEuro parts per thousand 1). The results demonstrate that capillary rheometry is a viable means of rheologically testing dough at high shear rates provided pressure fluctuation is carefully monitored and capillary rheometry corrections, including wall slip, are accounted for.