초음파를 이용한 에스테르 교환 반응에 의한 식물성 유지로부터 바이오디젤 제조

정경환; 박병건; Kyong-Hwan Chung; Byung-Geon Park

Applied Chemistry for Engineering, Vol.21, No.4, 385-390, August, 2010

Export Citation

초음파를 이용한 에스테르 교환 반응에 의한 식물성 유지로부터 바이오디젤 제조

Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oils by Transesterification Using Ultrasonic Irradiation

정경환, 박병건^{1, †}

전남대학교 기능성나노신화학소재사업단·한림연구소
¹광주여자대학교 식품영양학과

Kyong-Hwan Chung, and Byung-Geon Park^{1, †}

Center for Functional Nano Fine Chemicals, Chonnam National University·Hallim Research Institute of Technology, Gwangju500-757, Korea
¹Department of Food and Nutrition, Kwangju Women’s University, Gwangju 506-713, Korea

E-mail:

초록

초음파를 에너지원으로 하는 에스테르 교환 반응에 의해 콩기름과 포도씨 기름, 옥수수 기름, 카놀라 오일 등 식물성 유지로부터 바이오디젤을 제조하였다. 초음파를 이용한 식물성 유지의 에스테르 교환 반응 특성과 생성된 바이오디젤의 생성물 분포 및 물리화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 또한, 초음파와 열에너지에 의한 에스테르 교환 반응의 반응속도도 비교하였다. 초음파를 이용한 에스테르 교환 반응에 의한 바이오디젤 수율은 산촉매보다 균일계 알칼리 촉매에서 높았다. 초음파를 이용한 식물성 유지의 에스테르 교환 반응에서 수산화칼륨 촉매를 식물성 유지에 대해 무게비로 1% 사용하고, 식물성 유지에 대한 메탄올의 몰 비가 6 : 1일 때 지방산 메틸에스테르의 수율이 가장 높았다. 초음파를 에스테르 교환 반응의 에너지원으로 사용하면 열에너지를 사용한 반응 결과 보다 반응속도가 빨랐다. 초음파를 이용한 식물성 유지의 에스테르 교환 반응에 의해 생성된 바이오디젤은 원료유지보다 산가가 30% 이상 낮아졌다.

Transesterifications of vegetable oils (soybean oil, grapeseed oil, corn oil, canola oil) by ultrasonic energy were examined on various catalysts for biodiesel production. Reaction activities of the transesterifications were evaluated to the ultrasonic energy and thermal energy. The physicochemical properties and product distribution were also investigated to the biodiesels produced from the oils in the reaction using ultrasonic energy. The yields of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) on the alkali catalysts were higher than those on the acid catalysts. The highest FAME yield was obtained as 83% on potassium hydroxide catalyst in the transesterification. The effective reaction conditions by ultrasonic energy were 1 wt% catalyst loading and 6:1 molar ratio of methanol to vegetable oils. The reaction rate of the transesterification by ultrasonic energy was faster than that by thermal energy. The acid values of the biodiesel products were improved above 30% compared to those of the feedstocks.

Keywords:biodiesel;ultrasonic irradiation;transesterification;vegetable oil;catalyst

[References]

Hiroaki W, ENEOS Technical Review, 47, 11 (2005)
Kim SS, Kim KH, Shin SC, Yim ES, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(5), 401 (2007)
Jung CS, Dong JI, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(3), 284 (2007)
Ramos MJ, Fernandez CM, Casa A, Rodriguez L, Perez A, Biores. Technol., 100, 261 (2009)
Dermirbas A, Fuel, 87, 1743 (2008)
Saka S, Kusdiana D, Fuel, 80(2), 225 (2001)
Kusdiana D, Saka S, Fuel, 80(5), 693 (2001)
Kusdiana D, Saka S, Bioresour. Technol., 91(3), 289 (2004)
Thanh LT, Okitsu K, Sadanaga Y, Takenaka N, Maeda Y, Bandow H, Biores. Technol., 101, 639 (2010)
Stavarache C, Vinatoru M, Maeda Y, Bandow H, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 14, 413 (2006)
Georgogianni KG, Katsoulidis AK, Pomonis PJ, Manos G, Kontominas MG, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(7-8), 1016 (2009)
Santos FFP, Malverira JQ, Cruz MGA, Fernandes FAN, Fuel, 89, 275 (2010)
Teixeira LSG, Assis JCR, Mendonca DR, Santos ITV, Guimaraes PRB, Pontes LAM, Teixeira JSR, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(9), 1164 (2009)
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Koh TS, Chung KH, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(2), 214 (2008)
Chung KH, Kim J, Lee KY, Biomass Bioenerg., 33(1), 155 (2009)
Hanh HD, Dong NT, Starvarache C, Okitsu K, Maeda Y, Nishimura R, Energy Conv. Manag., 49(2), 276 (2008)

[Referenced By]

[1] Hiroaki W, ENEOS Technical Review, 47, 11 (2005)

[2] Kim SS, Kim KH, Shin SC, Yim ES, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(5), 401 (2007)

[3] Jung CS, Dong JI, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 18(3), 284 (2007)

[4] Ramos MJ, Fernandez CM, Casa A, Rodriguez L, Perez A, Biores. Technol., 100, 261 (2009)

[5] Dermirbas A, Fuel, 87, 1743 (2008)

[6] Saka S, Kusdiana D, Fuel, 80(2), 225 (2001)

[7] Kusdiana D, Saka S, Fuel, 80(5), 693 (2001)

[8] Kusdiana D, Saka S, Bioresour. Technol., 91(3), 289 (2004)

[9] Thanh LT, Okitsu K, Sadanaga Y, Takenaka N, Maeda Y, Bandow H, Biores. Technol., 101, 639 (2010)

[10] Stavarache C, Vinatoru M, Maeda Y, Bandow H, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 14, 413 (2006)

[11] Georgogianni KG, Katsoulidis AK, Pomonis PJ, Manos G, Kontominas MG, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(7-8), 1016 (2009)

[12] Santos FFP, Malverira JQ, Cruz MGA, Fernandes FAN, Fuel, 89, 275 (2010)

[13] Teixeira LSG, Assis JCR, Mendonca DR, Santos ITV, Guimaraes PRB, Pontes LAM, Teixeira JSR, Fuel Process. Technol., 90(9), 1164 (2009)

[14] van Gerpen J, Shanks B, Pruszko R, Clements D, Knothe G, Biodiesel Analytical Methods, NREL/SR-510-36240.

[15] www.astm.org

[16] Koh TS, Chung KH, J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., 19(2), 214 (2008)

[17] Chung KH, Kim J, Lee KY, Biomass Bioenerg., 33(1), 155 (2009)

[18] Hanh HD, Dong NT, Starvarache C, Okitsu K, Maeda Y, Nishimura R, Energy Conv. Manag., 49(2), 276 (2008)