화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Macromolecular Research, Vol.18, No.4, 324-330, April, 2010
DOI10.1007/s13233-010-0416-1  Export Citation
Improvement of the Thermal Latency for Epoxy-Phenolic Resins by Novel Amphiphatic Imidazole Catalysts
Fung Fuh Wong1, †, Chun Min Lin2, Kun-Lung Chen3, 4, Yun-Hwei Shen3, 5, and Jiann-Jyh Huang6
  • 1Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, 40402, R.O.C.
  • 2Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Ta Hsueh Rd., Tainan, Taiwan, 70101, R.O.C.
  • 3Department of Resources Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Ta Hsueh Rd., Tainan, Taiwan, 70101, R.O.C.
  • 4Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. 500, Sec. 3, An-ming Rd., Tainan City, Taiwan, 709, R. O. C.
  • 5, Taiwan
  • 6Development Center for Biotechnology, No. 101, Lane 169, Kangning St., Xizhi City, Taipei County, Taiwan, 221, R.O.C.
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Novel amphiphatic imidazole compounds were evaluated as thermal latent catalysts for the polymerization of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Amphiphatic compounds 5-9, two commercially available catalysts 1 and 2, and compounds 3 and 4 were used to cure epoxy resin systems for an investigation of their thermal latency and storage stability. The results from the cure activation energy and viscosity-storage time of the catalysts, the order of thermally latent activity was 3-phenylpropanoic acid (4) > 2-amino-3-phenylpropinoic acid (5) > 2-amino-3-(imidazole-4-yl)-propionic acid (H-His-OH, 8) > N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-histidine (9) > imidazole-4-acrylic acid (6) > 3-(imidazole-4-yl)propionic acid (7) > 1-cyanoethyl-2-ethyl-4-methyl-imidazole (2) > 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole (1) > histamine (3). From the results, the amphiphatic imidazole catalysts 5-9 showed better thermal latency than commercialized catalysts 1 and 2, basic catalyst 3 and acidic catalyst 4. Concerning the glass transition temperature (Tg), the use of amphiphatic imidazole catalysts 5-9 provided complete or near complete curing systems at temperatures ranging from 152-163 ℃, which were similar to two commercially available catalysts (151-152 ℃, 1 and 2) and histamine (159 ℃, 3). On the other hand, the Tg for compounds 4 and 5 could not be detected at 30-300 ℃ from the temperature scans because of their weak nucleophilicity and low cross-linking reactivity.
Keywords:amphiphatic catalysts;thermal latent catalysts;epoxy-phenolic resins;polymerization;thermosets
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