A study involving the evaporation-grinding MALDI sample preparation method, MALDI-TOF/TOF CID, and Py-GC/MS is presented to examine the fragmentation mechanisms of poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (PPS). MALDI-TOF/TOF CID fragmentation studies yielded a wealth of information about the mass, structure (linear or cyclic), end-groups, and backbone modifications of the polymer. Additionally, Py-GC/MS experimental data are presented for comparison of the multimolecular free radical reactions in pyrolysis with the unimolecular fragmentation reactions of MS/MS.(1,2) TOF/TOF CID results indicate that linear PPS undergoes random main chain Fragmentation along the polymer backbone and preferentially fragments at bonds adjacent to dibenzothiophene and phenyl end-ggroups. Cyclic species produce fragment ions similar to linear species. However, the MS/MS precursor ions for cyclic PPS are, by far, the most intense peaks, while the precursor ions for linear species show relatively low intensity. CID fragmentation results are supported by Py-GC/MS data and are consistent with the proposed degradation mechanisms.