Green liquor extraction of hemicelluloses from southern pine in an Integrated Forest Biorefinery

Sung-Hoon Yoon; Adriaan van Heiningen

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.16, No.1, 74-80, January, 2010

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2010.01.018 Export Citation

Green liquor extraction of hemicelluloses from southern pine in an Integrated Forest Biorefinery

Sung-Hoon Yoon^†, and Adriaan van Heiningen¹

Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, 212 Ross Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
¹Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Maine, 5737 Jenness Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA

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Loblolly Pine chips were extracted with fresh green liquor solutions containing sufficient alkalinity to approximately neutralize the acids released upon treatment of the chip-liquor mass at elevated temperatures of 170, 180 and 190 ℃ for various times. The components of green liquor extracts were then quantified using high pressure anion exchange chromatography and UV spectrophotometer. The time.temperature effect on the extracted yields including the wood weight loss of wood chips after extraction could be well described by the H-factor approach. Sugar components were all found in their polymeric forms in the liquor. About 2.5-3% of wood mass was extracted as total sugars at an H-factor of about 4000. In general, mannose showed lower extraction than xylose. With increasing chemical charge, arabinoglucuronoxylan and galactoglucomannan extracts decreased, whereas dissolved lignin increased. Cellulose showed a minimum dependence on H-factor and chemical charge. The total sugar showed an inverse proportionality to the final liquor pH that rapidly dropped from alkali to the neutral in the very early stages of extraction and leveled off slowly reaching the acid region. Significant difference between total organic yield and the weight loss provides a possible evidence for the presence of significant amount of low molecular weight dissolved organics that were not accounted for.

Keywords:Hemicelluloses;Loblolly Pine;HPAEC;Green liquor;Extraction;H-factor

[References]

van Heiningen ARP, Pulp Paper Canada, 107, 38 (2006)
Gullichsen J, Fogelholm CJ, in: Gullichsen J, Paulapuro H (Eds.), Chemical Pulping, Book 6A of Papermaking Science and Technology, Fapet Oy, Helsinki, 1999, p. A28.
Richter GA, U.S. pats. 1,787,953 (1931); 1,816,343 (1931); 1,819,002 (1931); 1,880,043 (1932); 2,036,606 (1936).
Jacopian V, Casperson S, Faserforsch. Textiltech., 17, 267 (1966)
Rydholm SA, Pulping Processes, Interscience, New York, 1965, pp. 576, 666.
Annergren G, Rydholm S, Richter J, Backlund A, Paper Trade J., 149, 42 (1965)
Cho BU, Ryu JY, Song BK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(1), 119 (2009)
Cho BU, Ryu JY, Song BK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(2), 196 (2009)
Simmonds FA, TAPPI J., 46, 145A (1963)
Brasch DJ, Free KW, TAPPI J., 47, 186 (1964)
Takahashi S, Nishiyama K, Fuhuda Y, Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi, 34, 766 (1960)
Lawther JM, Sun RC, Banks WB, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60(11), 1827 (1996)
N'Diaye S, Rigal L, Bioresour. Technol., 75(1), 13 (2000)
Lora JH, Wayman M, Tappi J, 64, 47 (1978)
Yoon SH, MacEwan K, van Heiningen A, TAPPI Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference Proceedings, Marriott Marquis, Atlanta, GA, November (2006)
Yoon SH, MacEwan K, van Heiningen A, Tappi J. (June), 27 (2008)
Yoon SH, van Heiningen A, Tappi J. (July), 27 (2008)
Yoon SH, van Heiningen A, Krishnagopalan G, TAPPI Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference Proceedings, Portland, Oregon, August (2008)
Sjostrom E, Alen R, Analytical Methods in Wood Chemistry, Pulping, and Papermaking, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999, p. 96.
Vroom KE, Pulp Paper Mag. Canada, 58, 228 (1957)
Casey JP, 3rd ed., Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Chemical Technology, vol. 1, Interscience Publishers, New York, 1979, p. 33.
Janson J, Faserforsch. Textiltech., 25, 375 (1974)
Sjostrom E, Wood Chemistry.Fundamentals and Applications, Academic Press, New York, 1981, p. 60.

[Referenced By]

[1] van Heiningen ARP, Pulp Paper Canada, 107, 38 (2006)

[2] Gullichsen J, Fogelholm CJ, in: Gullichsen J, Paulapuro H (Eds.), Chemical Pulping, Book 6A of Papermaking Science and Technology, Fapet Oy, Helsinki, 1999, p. A28.

[3] Richter GA, U.S. pats. 1,787,953 (1931); 1,816,343 (1931); 1,819,002 (1931); 1,880,043 (1932); 2,036,606 (1936).

[4] Jacopian V, Casperson S, Faserforsch. Textiltech., 17, 267 (1966)

[5] Rydholm SA, Pulping Processes, Interscience, New York, 1965, pp. 576, 666.

[6] Annergren G, Rydholm S, Richter J, Backlund A, Paper Trade J., 149, 42 (1965)

[7] Cho BU, Ryu JY, Song BK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(1), 119 (2009)

[8] Cho BU, Ryu JY, Song BK, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(2), 196 (2009)

[9] Simmonds FA, TAPPI J., 46, 145A (1963)

[10] Brasch DJ, Free KW, TAPPI J., 47, 186 (1964)

[11] Takahashi S, Nishiyama K, Fuhuda Y, Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi, 34, 766 (1960)

[12] Lawther JM, Sun RC, Banks WB, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 60(11), 1827 (1996)

[13] N'Diaye S, Rigal L, Bioresour. Technol., 75(1), 13 (2000)

[14] Lora JH, Wayman M, Tappi J, 64, 47 (1978)

[15] Yoon SH, MacEwan K, van Heiningen A, TAPPI Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference Proceedings, Marriott Marquis, Atlanta, GA, November (2006)

[16] Yoon SH, MacEwan K, van Heiningen A, Tappi J. (June), 27 (2008)

[17] Yoon SH, van Heiningen A, Tappi J. (July), 27 (2008)

[18] Yoon SH, van Heiningen A, Krishnagopalan G, TAPPI Engineering, Pulping and Environmental Conference Proceedings, Portland, Oregon, August (2008)

[19] Sjostrom E, Alen R, Analytical Methods in Wood Chemistry, Pulping, and Papermaking, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999, p. 96.

[20] Vroom KE, Pulp Paper Mag. Canada, 58, 228 (1957)

[21] Casey JP, 3rd ed., Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Chemical Technology, vol. 1, Interscience Publishers, New York, 1979, p. 33.

[22] Janson J, Faserforsch. Textiltech., 25, 375 (1974)

[23] Sjostrom E, Wood Chemistry.Fundamentals and Applications, Academic Press, New York, 1981, p. 60.