In this paper we firstly demonstrate a facile approach for the rapid fabrication of alpha-Fe2O3 using microwave-assisted esterification. In situ-generated water leads to the forced hydrolysis of Fe3+. Microwave irradiation greatly promotes the growth of alpha-Fe2O3 nanoparticles compared with conventional solvothermal approach, and agitation can assure the obtainment of pure hematite phase. The akaganeite phase is preserved without stirring. The BET specific surface area reaches 83 m(2)/g although high concentration of FeCl3 is adopted. Our approach can assure the very rapid acquisition of hematite nanoparticles. Electrochemical studies indicate that our product can function as a candidate for high-performance sensor.