Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Vol.84, No.12, 1899-1907, 2009
Computer simulation of flow-sheets for the solvent extraction of uranium: a new route to delay the effect of chemical degradation of the organic phase during uranium recovery from acidic sulfate media
BACKGROUND: The extractants used in solvent extraction processes undergo degradation under thermal, chemical and radiolytical stresses. In the case of uranium plants, tri-n-octylamine, used as an extractant, slowly degrades into di-n-octylamine. Such degradation causes a gradual depletion of the uranium extraction isotherms and as a result, of the efficiency of uranium recovery from feed solutions. The present work highlights a new route to delay this depletion of the extraction efficiency, merely by optimizing the flow-sheets involved in the process. Five flow-sheets have been compared for uranium recovery from acidic sulfate media by a solution of 0.146 mol L-1 tri-n-octylamine in kerosene modified with 5% w/w 1-tridecanol and stripping with a 199 g L-1 Na2CO3 solution. These five flow-sheets include the classical counter-current flow-sheet with four mixers-settlers in extraction and three mixers-settlers in stripping and four unusual combined solvent extraction flow-sheets with two independent extraction stripping loops and with one or two feed inlets. RESULTS: Computer simulation supplied evidence of the strong influence of the studied flow-sheets on the sturdiness of the process. More precisely, the unusual combined solvent extraction flow-sheets appeared to be significantly more efficient than the classical counter-current one and it is shown that an advantage of this can be to delay the negative impact of gradual degradation of tri-n-octylamine on uranium recovery efficiency from acidic sulfate media. CONCLUSION: The replacement of classical counter-current flow-sheets with a unique extraction-stripping loop in unusual combined flow-sheets with two or more independent extraction-stripping loops and with one or more feed inlets is a fruitful approach to delay the periodic addition of fresh tri-n-octylamine necessary for counter-balancing the progressive degradation of the extraction solvent and, as a result, to delay the gradual depletion of the efficiency of uranium recovery. (C) 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Keywords:tri-n-octylamine;di-n-octylamine;degradation;flow-sheets;hydrometallurgy;solvent extraction;uranium