In this paper, the generalized Lyapunov equation approach is used to study stochastic stabilization/detectability with state-multiplicative noise. Some practical test criteria for stochastic stabilization and detectability, such as stochastic Popov-Belevitch-Hautus Criterion for exact detectability, are obtained. Moreover, useful properties of the generalized Lyapunov equation are derived based on critical stability and exact detectability introduced in this paper. As applications, first, the stochastic linear quadratic regulator as well as the related generalized algebraic Riccati equation are discussed extensively. Second, the infinite horizon stochastic H-2/H-infinity control with state- and control-dependent noise is also investigated, which extends and improves the recently published results.