Characterization and anaerobic treatment of leachates generated by Jebel Chakir landfill has been carried out. The characterization shows that leachates contain high concentration of carbon and nitrogen. The total volatile fatty acid (VFA) represents 30% of total organic carbon. The COD reduction during anaerobic treatment reached 60% of essential easily biodegradable compound. The anaerobic treatment which lasts for 60 days shows that biogas is produced at a rate of 1 L/L of leachates. The steady phase could be reached within 44 days.