Monodisperse InP nanocrystals were prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal route via the pyrolysis reaction between indium chloride and tris(dimethylamino)phosphine at relatively low temperatures (150-180 degrees C). The InP nanocrystals after size-selective precipitation had a well-crystallized zinc blende structure, a narrow size distribution, and distinguishable absorption peaks. Application of HF treatment in combination with photoetching increased their emission efficiency to 58% while their emission wavelengths were tunable from green to red.