Fe3BO5 nanorods with diameters from 4 nm to 16 nm and length from 43 nm to 60 nm are synthesized by a facile thermal decomposition of iron acetylacetonate and t-butylamine borane (TBAB). TBAB is used to control the 1D growth and the aspect ratio of the nanorods. These Fe3BO5 nanorods are antiferromagnetic with T-N = 174 K, which is higher than that of bulk Fe3BO5 (114 K).