유리섬유로 강화된 PP/EPDM의 기계적 물성

오주석; 조명호

Polymer(Korea), Vol.22, No.2, 303-311, March, 1998

Export Citation

유리섬유로 강화된 PP/EPDM의 기계적 물성

The Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced PP/EPDM

오주석, 조명호

초록

Glass-mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT)로 만들어진 자동차 범퍼의 back beam(B/B)과 겉면에 페인트가 칠해져 있으며 ethylene-propylene-dien monomer (EPDM)을 포함하는 열가소성 폴리올레핀을 주성분으호 하는 범퍼 fascia로부터 유리섬유보강 플라스틱을 만드는 material recycle 과정에서 원료의 구성과 가공 방법이 성형후의 제품의 물성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. Fascia에 포함되어 있는 EPDM은 블렌드의 충격강도를 높이는 효과를 나타내나, 겉면의 페인트는 충격강도를 낮게 하는 작용을 하였다. 페인트에 의한 부정적인 영향도 GMT가 첨가된 블렌드에서는 거의 무시할 수 있는 수준으로 줄어들었다. 세 가지 가공 방법을 동원하여 동일한 조성으로 유리섬유 길이 분포를 다르게 만들어 유리섬유 길이가 물성에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. GMT에 포함되어 있는 유리섬유는 인장강도를 향상시키고 충격강도는 저하시켰다. 또, 유리섬유의 길이가 긴 경우에는 짧을 때보다 높은 충격강도를 나타내었다. 일반적인 고분자에서와 같이 거의 모든 블렌드에서 온도가 상승함에 따라 충격강도가 높아지는 현상을 보이고 있으나, 유리섬유의 양이 많고 유리섬유의 길이가 긴 경우에는 실온 이하의 온도에서도 충격강도가 감소하지 않고 증가하거나 일정한 값을 유지하는 현상을 보여 주었다. 이 현상을 블렌드에 포함되어 있는 유리섬유가 수지에서 빠져 나올 때에 흡수하는 에너지의 관점에서 설명하였다.

In the recycling of bumper back beam (B/B) made of Glass-mat reinforced thermoplastics (GMT) and painted fascia made of ethylene-propylene-dien monomer (EPDM)-modified Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO), the effect of the components and processing methods to the mechanical properties of the product was studied. The effect of paint remained in the blend was also investigated. The results revealed that EPDM originally involved in the fascia increased the impact strength, while the paint remained in the blend decreased it. As GMT was added to the blends which contained paint particles, the effect of paint was negligible. Three compounding methods were used to make blends having the same composition but different glass fiber (GF) size distribution to study the effect of GF distributions to the mechanical properties. The GF in GMT enhanced rigidity and tensile strength of the blends, but at the same time GF deteriorated the impact strength of the blend. Long GF (LGF) ill the blends contributed not only to the tensile strength, but also to the impact strength. As temperature increased, the impact strength increased in almost all blends. In case of high GF contents and large GF size the notched Izod impact strength increased as the temperature decreased below room temperature. This peculiar phenomenon has been discussed in the view of energy absorption when a fiber is pulled out from the polymer matrix.

[References]

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Yamamoto N, Oohori N, U.S. Patent, 5,468,779 (1995)
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Seibu K, "Seminar on Polymer Composites," p. 20, National Industrial Technology Institute (1994)
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[1] Sato N, Sugiyama S, Ohta T, Matsushita M, Suzuki S, Nishio T, Yokoi T, U.S. Patent, 5,476,624 (1995)

[2] Yamamoto N, Oohori N, U.S. Patent, 5,468,779 (1995)

[3] Seiler E, Ruempler KD, Jung N, Haardt U, Henning R, Hamprecht J, U.S. Patent, 5,122,398 (1992)

[4] Mittal RK, Gupta VB, J. Mater. Sci., 17, 3179 (1982)

[5] Gupta AK, Srinivasan KR, Kumar PK, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 43, 451 (1991)

[6] Gupta VB, Mittal RK, Goel M, Combust. Sci. Technol., 37, 353 (1990)

[7] Karger-Kocsis J, Combust. Sci. Technol., 48, 273 (1993)

[8] Czigany T, Karger-Kocsis J, Polym. Bull., 31, 495 (1993)

[9] Wald HH, Schriever H, Kunststoffe, 75, 497 (1985)

[10] Seibu K, "Seminar on Polymer Composites," p. 20, National Industrial Technology Institute (1994)

[11] "Glass Fiber Mat Reinforced Thermoplastic," p. 4, Hanwha GMT Brochure (1996)

[12] Voelker MJ, SAMPE J., 25, 31 (1989)

[13] Lee JK, Kim TY, Kim YK, "Encyclopedia of Physics and Chemistry," p. 884, Daekwang-Seolim, Seoul (1975)

[14] Quirk RP, Alsamarraie MAA, "Polymer Handbook," 3rd Edition, eds. by J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut, V/27, John Wiley & Sons, New York (1989)

[15] Wood LA, "Polymer Handbook," 3rd edition, eds. by J. Brandrup and E.H. Immergut. V/7, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989)

[16] Gibson AG, "Polyprophylene: Structure, Blends and Composites," ed. by J. Karger-Kocsis, vol. 3, p. 78, Chapman & Hall, London (1995)