폴리프로필렌/폴리스티렌 블렌드의 상전이 거동

이성구; 이재홍; 최길영; 이종문

Polymer(Korea), Vol.22, No.2, 258-268, March, 1998

Export Citation

폴리프로필렌/폴리스티렌 블렌드의 상전이 거동

Phase Inversion Behavior of Polypropylene/Polystyrene Blends

이성구, 이재홍, 최길영, 이종문

초록

폴리프로필렌 (PP)과 폴리스티렌(PS) 블렌드의 상전이가 일어나는 조성을 조사하고, 여러가지 이론식으로부터 계산된 결과와 비교하였다. PP와 PS의 조성비는 95/5에서 5/95 wt%사이로 조절하였으며, Haake사의 Internal mixer로 용융 흔합하여 PP/PS 블렌드를 제조하고 모폴로지를 시차주사현미경으로 관찰하였다. PP, PS 및 블렌드에 대한 평형상태의 용융 토크는 Internal mixer로 측정하였으며 조성에 대하여 평균값보다 작은 값을 나타내었다. PP/PS 블렌드의 모폴로지 및 점탄성 거동을 관찰한 결과 PS의 조성이 70wt%에서 상전이가 관찰되었다. 이와 같이 PS의 조성이 큰 영역에서 상전이가 일어나는 것은 PS의 용융 점도가 PP보다 크기 때문이다. PP와 PS의 용응 점도는 rheometrics dynamic spectrometer (RDS)와 모세관 점도계를 사용하여 측정하였으며, 토크는 internal mixer를 사용하여 각각 측정하였다. 상전이가 일어나는 조성을 측정된 용융 점도와 용융 토크 값으로부터 상전이에 대하여 보고된 이론식을 사용하여 계산한 결과는 PS의 조성이 53.5∼77.0 wt%에서 상전이가 일어나는 것으로 예측되며 이는 모폴로지 실험 결과와 잘 일치하였다. PP/PS 블렌드의 상전이 현상을 예측할 수 있는 여러 가지 이론식을 비교한 결과 Miles가 제시한 식이 가장 적합하였다.

The composition at which the phase inversion occurs in the PP/PS blends was investigated, and compared with the results calculated from several semi-empirical equations. The composition of the blends was varied in the range of 95/5 through 5/95 wt% using a Haake internal mixer The morphology of the PP/PS blends was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The PP/PS blends revealed that the phase inversion took place at the PS composition of 70 wt%, which might be a result from higher melt viscosity of PS than that of PP The viscosities and torques of PP and PS were measured by RDS and a capillary rheometer, and a Haake internal mixer, respectively The composition of the phase inversion was calculated from the semi-empirical equations, of which the result is 53.5∼ 77.0 wt% of PS. Among the several equations, the Miles'model is considered to best predict a phase inversion point for the PP/PS blends.

[References]

Utracki LA, "Polymer Alloys and Blends," p. 124, Hanser Publishers, New York (1989)
Favis BD, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 39, 285 (1990)
Utracki LA, "Polymer Alloys and Blends," p. 27, Hanser Publishers, New York (1989)
Avgeropoulos GN, Weissert FC, Biddison PH, Bohm GGA, Rubber Chem. Technol., 49, 93 (1976)
Miles IS, Zurek A, Polym. Eng. Sci., 28, 796 (1988)
Metelkin VI, Blekht VS, Colloid J., 46, 425 (1984)
Utracki LA, J. Rheol., 35, 1615 (1991)
Mekhilef N, Verhoogt H, Polymer, 37(18), 4069 (1996)
Mekhilef N, Favis BD, Carreau PJ, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 35(2), 293 (1997)
Heikens D, Barentsen W, Polymer, 18, 69 (1977)
Agari Y, Ueda A, Nagai S, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 45, 1957 (1992)
Jordhamo GM, Manson JA, Sperling LH, Polym. Eng. Sci., 26, 517 (1986)
Bourry D, Favis BD, ANTEC'95, 2001 (1995)
Sundararaj U, Macromol. Symp., 112, 85 (1996)
Gupta AK, Purwar SN, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 30, 1777 (1985)
Appleby T, Cser F, Moad G, Rizzardo E, Stavropoulos C, Polym. Bull., 32(4), 479 (1994)
Orwoll RA, "Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook," ed. by J.E. Mark. chap. 7, AIP Press, New York (1996)
Utracki LA, Polym. Eng. Sci., 28, 1401 (1988)
Han CD, Yu TC, Polym. Eng. Sci., 12, 81 (1972)
Nishimura T, Sakai H, J. Adhes. Soc. Jpn., 22, 400 (1986)
Sundararaj U, Macosko CW, Rolando RJ, Chan HT, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 1814 (1992)
Sundararaj U, Macosko CW, Macromolecules, 28(8), 2647 (1995)
Scott CE, Macosko CW, Polymer, 36(3), 461 (1995)
Taylor GI, Proc. Royal Soc. Lond., A138, 41 (1932)
Taylor GI, Proc. Royal Soc. Lond., A146, 501 (1934)
Tokita N, Rubber Chem. Technol., 50, 292 (1977)
Sunder J, "Mixing and Compounding of Polymers: Theory and Practice," eds. by I. Manas-Zloczower and Z. Tadmor, Chap. 8, Hanser Publishers, New York (1994)
Kim JK, Lee H, Polymer, 37(2), 305 (1996)
Cox WP, Merz EH, J. Polym. Sci., 28, 619 (1958)
Wu S, "Polymer Interface and Adhesion," Chap. 3, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel (1982)

[Referenced By]

[1] Utracki LA, "Polymer Alloys and Blends," p. 124, Hanser Publishers, New York (1989)

[2] Favis BD, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 39, 285 (1990)

[3] Utracki LA, "Polymer Alloys and Blends," p. 27, Hanser Publishers, New York (1989)

[4] Avgeropoulos GN, Weissert FC, Biddison PH, Bohm GGA, Rubber Chem. Technol., 49, 93 (1976)

[5] Miles IS, Zurek A, Polym. Eng. Sci., 28, 796 (1988)

[6] Metelkin VI, Blekht VS, Colloid J., 46, 425 (1984)

[7] Utracki LA, J. Rheol., 35, 1615 (1991)

[8] Mekhilef N, Verhoogt H, Polymer, 37(18), 4069 (1996)

[9] Mekhilef N, Favis BD, Carreau PJ, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 35(2), 293 (1997)

[10] Heikens D, Barentsen W, Polymer, 18, 69 (1977)

[11] Agari Y, Ueda A, Nagai S, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 45, 1957 (1992)

[12] Jordhamo GM, Manson JA, Sperling LH, Polym. Eng. Sci., 26, 517 (1986)

[13] Bourry D, Favis BD, ANTEC'95, 2001 (1995)

[14] Sundararaj U, Macromol. Symp., 112, 85 (1996)

[15] Gupta AK, Purwar SN, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 30, 1777 (1985)

[16] Appleby T, Cser F, Moad G, Rizzardo E, Stavropoulos C, Polym. Bull., 32(4), 479 (1994)

[17] Orwoll RA, "Physical Properties of Polymers Handbook," ed. by J.E. Mark. chap. 7, AIP Press, New York (1996)

[18] Utracki LA, Polym. Eng. Sci., 28, 1401 (1988)

[19] Han CD, Yu TC, Polym. Eng. Sci., 12, 81 (1972)

[20] Nishimura T, Sakai H, J. Adhes. Soc. Jpn., 22, 400 (1986)

[21] Sundararaj U, Macosko CW, Rolando RJ, Chan HT, Polym. Eng. Sci., 32, 1814 (1992)

[22] Sundararaj U, Macosko CW, Macromolecules, 28(8), 2647 (1995)

[23] Scott CE, Macosko CW, Polymer, 36(3), 461 (1995)

[24] Taylor GI, Proc. Royal Soc. Lond., A138, 41 (1932)

[25] Taylor GI, Proc. Royal Soc. Lond., A146, 501 (1934)

[26] Tokita N, Rubber Chem. Technol., 50, 292 (1977)

[27] Sunder J, "Mixing and Compounding of Polymers: Theory and Practice," eds. by I. Manas-Zloczower and Z. Tadmor, Chap. 8, Hanser Publishers, New York (1994)

[28] Kim JK, Lee H, Polymer, 37(2), 305 (1996)

[29] Cox WP, Merz EH, J. Polym. Sci., 28, 619 (1958)

[30] Wu S, "Polymer Interface and Adhesion," Chap. 3, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel (1982)