Aluminum titanate (Al2TiO5) is an excellent refractory and thermal shock resistant material due to its relatively low-thermal expansion coefficient and high melting point. However, Al2TiO5 is only thermodynamically stable above 1280 degrees C and undergoes a eutectoid decomposition to alpha-Al2O3 and TiO2 (rutile) in the temperature range of 900 degrees-1280 degrees C. In this paper, we describe the use of high-temperature neutron diffraction to study the properties of self-recovery in Al2TiO5 when it is annealed at >= 1300 degrees C in air. It is shown that the process of decomposition in Al2TiO5 is reversible and that self-recovery occurs readily when decomposed Al2TiO5 is reheated above 1300 degrees C. It is further shown that the existence of a temperature range (900 degrees-1280 degrees C) in which Al2TiO5 is prone to decomposition can be explained by the competing dominance of self-recovery at >= 1280 degrees C and decomposition at <= 1280 degrees C.