Plasma surface treatment has been extensively applied in the textile industry for the modification of polymer materials. In this study low-temperature plasma (LTP) is used for surface treatment of polyamide/polyurethane (PA/PU) knitted fabric. The envisaged plasma effect is an increase in the surface energy of the treated textile, leading toward improved hydrophilic properties. The knitted fabric was treated by LTP using three non polymerizing gases: oxygen, air, and carbon dioxide. After plasma treatment, wettability of samples was tested through their wicking properties measuring capillary rise after water bath contact. The PA/PU knitted fabric samples treated with different plasma gases exhibited different hydrophilic performances. The influence of plasma variables (discharge power, time, pressure) was investigated. Although the chemical characteristics of elastan (PU) and nylon (PA) threads are different, the study has demonstrated that plasma treatment can in the same time alter the surface-wetting behavior of both the components of the knitted fabric. It was also shown how these treatments can be regulated to produce the desired level of hydrophilicity dependently on the request application. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.