A high resolution XPS study of sidewall functionalized MWCNTs by fluorination

Jeong-Min Lee; Sang Jin Kim; Ju Wan Kim; Phil Hyun Kang; Young Chang Nho; Young-Seak Lee

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.15, No.1, 66-71, January, 2009

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2008.08.010 Export Citation

A high resolution XPS study of sidewall functionalized MWCNTs by fluorination

Jeong-Min Lee, Sang Jin Kim, Ju Wan Kim, Phil Hyun Kang¹, Young Chang Nho¹, and Young-Seak Lee^†

Department of Fine Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
¹Radiation Application Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea

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Carbon nanotubes must be modified to magnify their application. Understanding the chemistry of carbon nanotubes is a crucial step towards their ultimate practical use. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were fluorinated at several different conditions. The change in the atomic structures of fluorinated MWCNTs was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All core level spectra of MWCNTs were deconvoluted to several Pseudo-Voigt functions (sum of Gaussian. Lorentzian functions). The amount of doped fluorine increased with increasing doping fluorine partial pressure, and the fluorine atoms were covalently attached to the side-wall of theMWCNTs. However, the increasing rate of F1s component ratio became dull at 70%, as compared with ratios below 70%. This suggests that fluorine contents during the fluorination of carbon materials can be managed by controlling the fluorine mixing ratio.

Keywords:MWCNTs;Fluorination;Surface modification;XPS

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Lee YS, Cho TH, Lee BK, Rho JS, An KH, Lee YH, J. Fluorine Chem., 120, 99 (2003)
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Nanse G, Papirer E, Fioux P, Moguet F, Tressaud A, Carbon, 35, 371 (1997)
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Sato Y, Itoh K, Hagiwara R, Fukunaga T, Y. Ito, Carbon, 42, 3243 (2004)

[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Iijima S, Nature, 354, 56 (1991)

[2] Kim JW, Im JS, Cho T, Basova YV, Edie DD, Lee YS, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 13(5), 757 (2007)

[3] Vigolo B, Penicaud A, Coulon C, Sauder C, Pailler R, Journet C, Science, 290, 1331 (2000)

[4] Oh SD, Choi SH, Lee BY, Gopalan A, Lee KP, Kim SH, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 12(1), 156 (2006)

[5] Mintmire JW, Dunlap BI, White CT, Phys. Rev. Lett., 68, 631 (1992)

[6] Kociak M, Kasumov AY, Gueron S, Reulet B, Khodos II, Gorbatov YB, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 2416 (2001)

[7] Dillon AC, Jones KM, Bekkedahl TA, Kiang CH, Bethune DS, Heben MJ, Nature, 386(6623), 377 (1997)

[8] Berber S, Kwon YK, Tomanek D, Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, 4613 (2000)

[9] Baughman RH, Zakhidov AA, de Heer WA, Science, 297, 787 (2002)

[10] Li J, Lu Y, Ye Q, Cinke M, Han J, Meyyappan M, Nano Lett., 3, 929 (2002)

[11] Meyyappan M, Carbon Nanotubes: Science and Applications, CRC Press, London (2005)

[12] Namisnyk AM, Thesis BE, A Survey of Electrochemical Supercapacitor, Technology, University of Technology, Sydney (2003)

[13] Tressaud A, Shirasaki T, Nanse G, Papirer E, Carbon, 40, 217 (2002)

[14] Lee YS, Cho TH, Lee BK, Rho JS, An KH, Lee YH, J. Fluorine Chem., 120, 99 (2003)

[15] Lee YS, J. Fluorine Chem., 128, 403 (2007)

[16] Shulga YM, Tien TC, Huang CC, Lo SC, Muradyan VE, Polyakova NV, Ling YC, Loutfy RO, Moravsky AP, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 160, 22 (2007)

[17] Lee JM, Kim JW, Lim JS, Kim TJ, Kim SD, Park SJ, Lee YS, Carbon Sci., 8, 120 (2007)

[18] Nakajima T, Fluorine.Carbon and Fluorine.Carbon Materials, Marcel Dekker, New York (1995)

[19] Fityk 0.7.4 User Manual, Unipress Co. LTD, USA.

[20] Nanse G, Papirer E, Fioux P, Moguet F, Tressaud A, Carbon, 35, 371 (1997)

[21] Nanse G, Papirer E, Fioux P, Moguet F, Tressaud A, Carbon, 35, 515 (1997)

[22] Touhara H, Okino F, Carbon, 38, 241 (2000)

[23] Sato Y, Itoh K, Hagiwara R, Fukunaga T, Y. Ito, Carbon, 42, 3243 (2004)