Effect of Ni in palladium β-zeolite on hydroisomerization of n-decane

Dhanapalan Karthikeyan; Nachiappan Lingappan; Bommasamudram Sivasankar

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.25, No.5, 987-997, September, 2008

DOI10.1007/s11814-008-0160-9 Export Citation

Effect of Ni in palladium β-zeolite on hydroisomerization of n-decane

Dhanapalan Karthikeyan^†, Nachiappan Lingappan, and Bommasamudram Sivasankar

Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Guindy, Chennai 600025, India

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Bifunctional catalysts containing (0.1-0.5 wt%) Nickel and 0.1 wt% of Pd supported on H-β zeolite were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation method and characterized by XRD, TEM, XPS, TPD and TPR techniques. The catalytic activity of Ni containing and Ni free Pd/H-β Catalysts was studied, and it was found that Ni up to a threshold value (0.3 wt% on β) produced increased the n-decane conversion and isomerization selectivity. When Ni content exceeds the threshold value, the conversion increases but isomerized products decrease. Moreover, Ni containing Pd/H-β showed increased sustainability and favored the protonated cyclopropane (PCP) intermediate mechanism in n-decane isomerization. The catalyst containing 0.3 wt% Ni 0.1 wt% Pd is adjudged as one performing better than other catalysts studied because of the isomerized mixture from it shows better octane number.

Keywords:Isomerization;n-Decane;Zeolite-β;Ni-Pd;TPR

[References]

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Corma A, Martinez A, Pergher S, Peratello S, Perego C, Bellusi G, Appl. Catal., 152, 107 (1997)
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[Referenced By]

[1] Miller SJ, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 84, 2319 (1994)

[2] Weitkamp J, Appl. Catal., 8, 123 (1983)

[3] Jacobs PA, Martens MA, Weitkamp J, Beyer HK, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 72, 353 (1981)

[4] Leu LJ, Hov LY, Kang BC, Li C, Wu ST, Wu TC, Appl. Catal., 69, 49 (1991)

[5] Guisnet M, Fouche V, Belloum M, Bournonville JP, Travers C, Appl. Catal., 71, 283 (1991)

[6] Hochtl M, Jentys A, Vinek H, J. Catal., 190(2), 419 (2000)

[7] Ponec V, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng., 11, 41 (1975)

[8] Sachtler WMH, Catal. Rev., 14, 193 (1976)

[9] Bertolini JC, Tardi B, Abon M, Billy J, Delichre P, Massardier J, Surf. Sci., 135, 117 (1983)

[10] Dominguez JM, Vazquez A, Renouprez AJ, Yacaman MJ, Surf. Sci., 75, 101 (1982)

[11] Coonradt ML, Garwood WE, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 3, 38 (1964)

[12] Martens JA, Tielen M, Jacobs PA, Weitkamp J, Zeolites, 4, 98 (1984)

[13] Arifulin AS, Vol-Epshtein AB, Krichko AA, Yulin MK, Khimiya Tverdogo Topliva, 5, 122 (1976)

[14] Martens JA, Perez-Pariente J, Jacobs PA, Acta Physica et Chemica, 31, 487 (1985)

[15] Martens JA, Perez-Pariente J, Jacobs PA, Math. Phys. Sci., 165, 115 (1986)

[16] Corma A, Martinez A, Pergher S, Peratello S, Perego C, Bellusi G, Appl. Catal., 152, 107 (1997)

[17] Galperin LB, Appl. Catal., 209, 257 (2001)

[18] Galperin LB, Bradley SA, Mezza TM, Appl. Catal., 219, 79 (2001)

[19] Elangovan SP, Bischof C, Hartmann M, Catal. Lett., 80(1-2), 35 (2002)

[20] Elangovan SP, Hartmann M, J. Catal., 217(2), 388 (2003)

[21] Rezgui Y, Guemini M, Appl. Catal., 282, 45 (2005)

[22] Dorado F, Romero R, Canizares P, Appl. Catal., 236, 235 (2002)

[23] Canizares P, Delucas A, Valverde JL, Dorado F, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 36(11), 4797 (1997)

[24] Treacy MMJ, Higgins JB, XRD powder patterns for zeolites, Vth edition (2004)

[25] Faherazzi G, Benedetti A, Martorans A, Giuliano S, Duca D, Deganello G, Catal. Lett., 6, 263 (1990)

[26] Cullity BD, Elements of X-ray diffraction, Addison Wasley Pub Co. New York, 284 (1978)

[27] Eswaramoorthi I, Lingappan N, Catal. Lett., 87, 133 (2003)

[28] Jao RM, Lin TB, Chang JR, J. Catal., 161(1), 222 (1996)

[29] Lee CG, Kim JS, Song PS, Choi GS, Kang Y, Choi MJ, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 20(1), 133 (2003)

[30] de Lucas A, Sanchez P, Funez A, Ramos MJ, Valverde JL, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., in press

[31] Canizares P, de Lucas A, Dorado F, Duran A, Asencio I, Appl. Catal., 169, 137 (1998)

[32] Yoshioka CMN, Garetto T, Cardoso D, Catal. Today, 107, 693 (2005)

[33] Feeley JS, Sachlter WMH, Zeolites, 10, 738 (1990)

[34] Narayana M, Michalik J, Contarini S, Kevan L, J. Phys. Chem., 89, 3895 (1985)

[35] Minchev Ch, Knazirev V, Kosova L, Pechev V, Grunsser W, Schimidt F, in: L.V. C. Rees (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Zeolites, Heydon, London, 335 (1980)

[36] Narayanan S, Zeolites, 4, 231 (1984)

[37] Xiao S, Meng Z, J. Chem. Soc.-Faraday Trans., 90, 2591 (1994)

[38] Romero MD, de Lucas A, Calles JA, Rodriguez A, Appl. Catal., 146, 425 (1996)

[39] Zhang WM, Smirniotis PG, J. Catal., 182(2), 400 (1999)

[40] Jordao MH, Simoes V, Montes A, Cardoso E, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 130, 2387 (2000)

[41] Giannetto GE, Perot GE, Guisnet MR, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 25, 481 (1986)

[42] Kuznetsov PN, J. Catal., 218(1), 12 (2003)

[43] Steijns M, Froment G, Jacobs P, Uytterhoeven J, Weitkamp J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 20, 654 (1981)

[44] Weitkamp J, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 21, 550 (1982)

[45] Martens JA, Jacobs PA, Theoretical aspects of heterogeneous catalysis (J. B. Moffat, Ed.), Chap. 2, Catalysis Series, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1990)

[46] Meriaudeau P, Tuan VA, Lelebvre F, Nghiem VT, Naccache C, Microporous Mesoporous Mater., 22, 435 (1998)

[47] de Lucas A, Valverde JL, Sanchez P, Dorado F, Ramos MJ, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 282(1-2), 15 (2005)

[48] Baerlocher Ch, Meier WH, Olson DH, Vth edition, pub. Struc. Comm. IZA (2001)

[49] Brouwer DM, in: R. Prins, G. C. A. Schult (Eds.), Chemistry and chemical engineering of catalytic processes, Sijthof and Noordhoff, Germantown, MD (1980)