Purification and removal of Ascaris and Fasciola hepatica eggs from drinking water using roughing filters

Jafar Nouri; Amir Hossein Mahvi; Reza Saeedi; Kavoos Dindarloo; Mohammad Rafiee; Sina Dobaradaran

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.25, No.3, 501-504, May, 2008

DOI10.1007/s11814-008-0084-4 Export Citation

Purification and removal of Ascaris and Fasciola hepatica eggs from drinking water using roughing filters

Jafar Nouri, Amir Hossein Mahvi^†, Reza Saeedi, Kavoos Dindarloo, Mohammad Rafiee, and Sina Dobaradaran

Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Center for Environmental Research, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6446, Tehran, Iran

E-mail:

The performance of a horizontal roughing filter (HRF) and a downflow roughing filter (DRF) in the removal of Ascaris and Fasciola hepatica eggs was investigated. The experiments were performed at three filtration rates of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/h and different influent concentrations of Ascaris and Fasciola hepatica eggs. Alteration of the filtration rate in the range of 0.5-1.5 m/h did not have significant influence on the effectiveness of the roughing filters. The HRF had higher efficiency in the removal of both Fasciola hepatica and Ascaris eggs in comparison with the DRF, so that the average efficiencies of the HRF for the removal of Fasciola hepatica and Ascaris eggs at filtration rate of 1.0m/h were determined to be 89.0 and 57.3%, respectively, whereas the same values of the DRF were 77.2 and 52.5%, respectively. The straining was confirmed to be the main mechanism of helminth eggs removal by the roughing filters, because Fasciola hepatica eggs with larger size were removed more effectively than Ascaris eggs. The results of this study indicate that the roughing filters, especially the HRF, had promising performance in the removal of helminth eggs and could be used for water and secondary effluent treatment.

Keywords:Water;Ascaris;Fasciola hepatica;HRF;DRF

[References]

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[1] Karanis P, Schoenen D, Seitz HM, Water Sci. Technol., 37(2), 9 (1998)

[2] Logsdon GS, Kohne R, Abel S, LaBonde S, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 1, 339 (2002)

[3] WHO, Guidelines for drinking-water quality: Incorporating first addendum, Vol. 1, Recommendations, 3rd ed., World Health Organization, Geneva (2006)

[4] Bitton G, Wastewater microbiology, 3rd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey

[5] Bahgat M, Dewedar A, Zayed A, Water Res., 33(8), 1949 (1999)

[6] Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., Wastewater engineering: Treatment and reuse, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (2003)

[7] Song CB, Lee JL, Park HS, Lee KW, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(1), 148 (2007)

[8] Galvis G, Visscher JT, Fernandez J, Beron F, Occasional Paper 22, IRC, The Hague, The Netherlands (1993)

[9] Deshpande CV, Hingorani HK, in Proceeding of 23rd WEDC Conference, Water and Sanitation for All: Partnerships and Innovations India, 227 (1997)

[10] Ingallinella AM, Stecca LM, Wegelin M, Water Sci. Technol., 37(9), 105 (1998)

[11] Wegelin M, IRCWD Report No. 06/86, The Hague, The Netherlands (1986)

[12] Ochieng GMM, Otieno FAO, Ogada TPM, Shitote SM, Menzwa DM, Water SA, 30(3), 361 (2004)

[13] Hendricks DW, American water works association research foundation, Denver, Co (1991)

[14] Ochieng GM, Otieno FAO, Water SA, 32(1), 105 (2006)

[15] Collins MR, Westersund CM, Cole JO, Roccaro JV, American water works association research foundation, Denver, Co (1994)

[16] APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th ed., APHA, Washington, DC (1998)

[17] Ko YS, Lee YJ, Nam SH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(2), 253 (2007)

[18] Jimenez B, Chavez A, Leyva A, Tchobanoglous G, Water Res., 34(2), 473 (2000)

[19] El-Taweel GE, Ali GH, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut, 120, 21 (2000)

[20] Gomez M, de la Rua A, Garralon G, Plaza F, Hontoria E, Gomez MA, Desalination, 190(1-3), 16 (2006)

[21] Mahvi AH, Nouri J, Tabatabaie N, Iranian J. Publ. Health, 30(1-2), 21 (2001)