무독성 안정제계에서 PVC의 열안정화에 관한 연구: 제1보 Ether류에 의한 열안정화

김기엽; 이동호; 박종욱; 노익삼

Polymer(Korea), Vol.18, No.6, 1021-1029, November, 1994

Export Citation

무독성 안정제계에서 PVC의 열안정화에 관한 연구: 제1보 Ether류에 의한 열안정화

Thermal Stabilization of PVC in Non-toxic Stabilizer Systems : (I)Thermal Stabilization by Ethers

김기엽, 이동호, 박종욱, 노익삼

초록

PVC의 무독성 배합에 안정제로 흔히 사용되는 Zn및 Ca의 stearate는 중금속 계열인 Cd, Ba, Pb, Sn계 안정제보다 안정화효과가 떨어진다. 본 연구에서는 zinc stearate와 calcium stearate의 2:1 복합안정제의 효과를 증진시키기 위해 ethylene oxide단위를 가지는 polyether류를 안정조제로 사용하여 그효과를 검토하였다. 안정조제를 넣은 PVC sheet와 넣지않은 sheet를 가열하여 열화를 촉진시키고 열화에 의해 착색되는 시료의 백색도를 측정하여 비교하였다 첨가제로는 ethylene oxide 단위를 함유하는 crown ether, poly(ethlylene glycol), poly(propylene glycol) 등과 같은 polyether류를 사용하였으며, 이들을 Zn/ca-stearate안정제에 첨가할때 PVC의 열안정성이 크게 향상되었다. 특히, -CH₂CH₂O-의 반복단위가 3이상인 polyether류가 효과가 좋았으며 이는 Zn-stearate에서 생성된 ZnCl₂가 polyether와 착물을 형성하여 제거되므로 Zinc burning을 방지할 수 있기 때문인 것으로 생각된다.

The Zn/Ca stearate are non-toxic stabilizer for PVC, but the stabilization effect of these stabilizers is inferior to those of Cd, Ba, Pb, Sn stabilizer systems. In this study, polyethers were added to PVC sheets containing Zn/Ca stearate to improve the thermal stabilization effect. PVC sheets containing stabilizers and additives wore heated, and then the degrees of coloration were measured. Thermal stabilization effects of Zn/Ca soap stabilizers were investigated under the adding with cyclic or linear polyethers containing ethylene oxide units such as crown ether, poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(propylene glycol). Thermal stabilization of PVC was markedly improved, especially when the linear polyethers containing more than 3 repeating units of ethylene oxide were used as co-stabilizers. The mechanism for the synergistic effects might be based on the complexing effects of polyethers with zinc chloride released from zinc stearate.

Keywords:PVC;thermal stabilization;PEG;costabilizer

[References]

Iida T, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 25, 887 (1980)
Iida T, Kawato J, Maruyama K, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 34, 2355 (1987)
Iida T, Ikeda H, Yamashita Y, Goto K, Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 50, 65 (1993)
Hoang TV, Michel A, Pham QT, Guyot A, Eur. Polym. J., 11, 475 (1975)
Iida T, Goto K, J. Macromol. Sci.-Chem., 12, 389 (1978)
Iida T, Kataoka N, Ueki N, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 21, 2041 (1977)
Briggs G, Wood NF, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 15, 25 (1971)
Hoang TV, Guyot A, "Polymer Degradation and Stability," p. 29, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, England (1985)
Wypych J, "Poly(vinyl chloride) Stabilization," p. 23, Elsevier Science Publishing Company, New York (1986)
Wirth HO, Andreas H, Pure Appl. Chem., 49, 627 (1977)
Yanagida S, Okahara M, "The Chemistry of Crown Ether," p. 149, Kagakudojin, Kyoto (1978)
Yanagida S, Takahashi K, Okahara M, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 50, 1386 (1977)

[Referenced By]

[1] Iida T, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 25, 887 (1980)

[2] Iida T, Kawato J, Maruyama K, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 34, 2355 (1987)

[3] Iida T, Ikeda H, Yamashita Y, Goto K, Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 50, 65 (1993)

[4] Hoang TV, Michel A, Pham QT, Guyot A, Eur. Polym. J., 11, 475 (1975)

[5] Iida T, Goto K, J. Macromol. Sci.-Chem., 12, 389 (1978)

[6] Iida T, Kataoka N, Ueki N, Goto K, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 21, 2041 (1977)

[7] Briggs G, Wood NF, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 15, 25 (1971)

[8] Hoang TV, Guyot A, "Polymer Degradation and Stability," p. 29, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, England (1985)

[9] Wypych J, "Poly(vinyl chloride) Stabilization," p. 23, Elsevier Science Publishing Company, New York (1986)

[10] Wirth HO, Andreas H, Pure Appl. Chem., 49, 627 (1977)

[11] Yanagida S, Okahara M, "The Chemistry of Crown Ether," p. 149, Kagakudojin, Kyoto (1978)

[12] Yanagida S, Takahashi K, Okahara M, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 50, 1386 (1977)