The flotation behavior of a refuse pond fine coal slurry sample was studied using mechanical and column flotation techniques. Flotation parameters investigated included type and dosage of frother and collector, agitation speed, scrubbing time, slurry pH, etc. for the mechanical flotation cell, and air flow rate, feed flow rate, and wash water flow rate for the column flotation. Flotation kinetics was also studied in the mechanical flotation cell. The results showed that the coal sample was very difficult to clean by flotation. Low yield (5-15%) and low combustible recovery (6-23%) and high product ash (about 22%) were obtained when methyl-isobutyl-carbinol (MIBC) was used as frother and #2 fuel oil as collector. Adjustment of operating parameters such as agitation intensity showed limited effects. However, flotation yield was significantly improved when MIBC and #2 fuel oil were replaced with frother P948 and collector SPP Mechanical scrubbing was unable to restore the floatability of the coal sample. 'Ken-Flote' column flotation was inferior to mechanical flotation for oxidized coal and possible reasons were given. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.