Energy & Fuels, Vol.8, No.4, 932-936, 1994
Solvent Swelling Studies of Green River Kerogen
Kerogen has been isolated from Green River oil shale by dissolving the minerals in HF and HCI and also by using aqueous ammonium sulfate. The resulting kerogen samples were swollen in 28 different solvents. The volumetric solvent swelling of the kerogen roughly follows the predictions of regular solution theory for almost all of the solvents including good hydrogen bond acceptors. The solubility parameter from the swelling studies is close to that calculated from Siskin’s structure. Hydrogen bonding does not seem to be an important factor because good hydrogen bonders show swellings similar to non-hydrogen bonders of similar solubility parameter. The inorganic content of the isolated kerogen does not have a large effect on solvent swelling. Samples containing 42% inorganics generally swell somewhat more than samples containing 5% inorganics. The cross-link density of this kerogen is high.