Dendritic cells (DCs)-based immunotherapy represents an approach to the prevention and treatment of cancers. Targeting antigens to receptors on DCs can be expected to enhance immune response. We have constructed an expression vector pET32a(+)-ScFv(CD11c)-TRP2 based on a single-chain antibody fragment (ScFv) that targets the high affinity receptor CD11 c which is expressed on murine DCs. The 3'-terminal end of the ScFv was ligated to the gene for MHC class I molecule-recognized peptide from mouse tyrosine-related protein 2 (TRP2). Using this vector, we have expressed and purified ScFv(CD11 c)-TRP2, a fusion protein that could target TRP2 peptide to CD 11 c on DCs in vivo to elicit anti-tumor responses. This fusion protein was expressed in inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and was refolded and purified on-column effectively by immobilized metal affinity chromatography using His-tag. Flow cytometry assays showed the specific binding ability of ScFv(CD11 c)-TRP2 to DCs, which could be blocked by a hamster anti-mouse CD I I c produced by N418 hybridoma. Further studies demonstrated that ScFv(CD11 c)-targeted TRP2 peptide processed by DCs was capable of stimulating T cells proliferation. Thus, this fusion protein provides a basis for further research in cancer therapy in vivo. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.